Objective To design direct observation model of choke vessels between bilateral iliolumbar perforators in rats and explore the enlargement law of choke vessels. Methods skinfold chamber was designed and produced, then anastomotic vessels (known as choke vessels) were chosen as observation area between the right and left iliac lumbar perforasomes. The changes of choke vessel in the observation area were photographed at different time points by using stereomicroscope. The enlargement ratio of choke vessel was measured and calculated in each time point, with the law of enlargement drawn. Results The enlargement course of the choke vessels between the bilateral iliolumbar perforators can be observed by the skinfold chamber, whose size can be adjusted to observe choke vessels in different animals. After observation，we found that the enlargement-ratio of choke vessels in 1h, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 6d, 10d, 16d were (1.00±0.00), (1.11±0.08), (1.25±0.17), (1.36±0.22), (1.85±0.33), (1.82±0.38), (1.54±0.39) and (1.83±0.45) respectively. Conclusions The skinfold chamber is a convenient, effective and direct way to observe cutaneous microvessels in rats alive using stereomicroscope. The choke vessels between the iliolumbar perforasomes in rat gets a highest enlargement ratio in 4 d to 6 d, then recedes gradually until 10 d to 16 d when it gets a second boost.
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