目的　研究分析尸体骨盆与其三维重建数字化模型及3D打印实体模型的三维特征测量结果差异。  方法　选择1具中年男性骨盆标本，根据骨盆的生理学结构特点在骨盆标本表面选取并固定共计14个特征点，并使用三坐标仪测量并记录特征点的三维坐标；使用CT设备对固定了特征点的骨盆标本进行1.0 mm的断层扫描；使用三维医学图像软件（Delta Medical Studio，DMS）对获取的扫描图像进行三维重建，并记录特征点的三维坐标；使用3D打印设备（熔融沉积成型，FDM）及光固化成型（Stereo Lithography Appearance，SLA）打印三维重建模型，三坐标仪测量记录特征点的三维坐标；通过记录的三维坐标分别计算尸体标本、数字模型、3D打印实体模型的特征点之间的距离及夹角；从最大误差、平均误差、t值验证等角度分析三组数据的误差情况。  结果　三维重建数字化骨盆模型的特征测量距离的平均误差约为0.5 mm，角度平均误差约为0.35 o；3D打印模型相对于骨盆标本的距离测量的平均误差约为0.8~1.1 mm，角度平均误差约为0.4°~0.5°。  结论    三维重建模型和3D打印实体模型对于骨盆术前的参考及测量精度方面具备可靠性，可根据实际需求选择3D打印模型作为骨盆术前规划的参考。

Objective　To evaluate the differences among the 3D measurement results of the cadaver pelvis, its digital 3D reconstruction model and 3D printing models. 　Methods 　A middle-aged male pelvic specimen was selected and a total of 14 feature points were selected and fixed on the surface of the pelvic specimen according to the physiological structure characteristics of the pelvis. The 1mm CT scan was performed on this pelvic specimen with fixed feature points. The Delta Medical Studio (DMS) was used to reconstruct the scanned image and record the 3D coordinates of the feature points. The 3D reconstruction model was printed by the 3D printing equipment (Melt deposiition modeling, FDM and Stereo Lithography Appearance, SLA), and the 3D coordinates of the recorded feature points were measured by a CMM. The distances and the angles among the feature points of the cadaver specimen, the digital model and the 3D printing solid models were calculated through the recorded 3D coordinates. The errors of the three groups of data were analyzed from the perspectives of maximum error, average error and t-value verification.　Results   The mean distance and angle measurement errors of the digital 3D reconstruction pelvic model were about 0.5mm and 0.35 degree, respectively. The mean distance error of the 3D printing models was about 0.8 ~ 1.1mm, and the mean angle error was about 0.4~0.5 degree.　Conclusions　The 3D reconstruction model and the 3D printing models are reliable for the preoperative reference of the pelvis in terms of the accuracy of feature measurement. The 3D reconstruction model or the 3D printing model can be selected as the reference object for the preoperative planning of the pelvis according to the actual needs.