后交叉韧带的解剖变异及临床意义

doi:10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2026.2.02

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中国临床解剖学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2) : 126-130. DOI: 10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2026.2.02

应用解剖

后交叉韧带的解剖变异及临床意义

任建越¹，张雪慧¹，王静¹，李承阳¹，任丽娜1，轩秀宁¹，姚雨杉²，李京³*

作者信息 +

Variations and its clinical significance of the posterior cruciate ligament

Ren Jianyue¹, Zhang Xuehui¹, Wang Jing¹, Li Chengyang¹, Ren Lina¹, Xuan Xiuning¹, Yao Yushan², Li Jing³*

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文章历史 +

摘要

目的观察后交叉韧带（PCL）的解剖学特点及变异，为PCL损伤的外科治疗提供解剖学依据。方法选择112例人体下肢标本，解剖PCL及板股韧带并对PCL划分类型；测量PCL、板股韧带的长度及宽度等。结果 PCL由前外侧束（ALB）与后内侧束（PMB）组成。ALB为单束状韧带40例；由1组中央束及1组前束组成63例；由2组中央束及1组前束组成9例。PMB为单束状韧带42例；由1组斜束和1组纵束组成29例；由2组平行束组成41例。男、女性ALB在类型构成方面具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。后板股韧带（PMFL）的发生率为67.9%；前板股韧带(AMFL)的发生率为9.8%。PCL的长度、宽度值分别是（35.87±4.45）mm、（10.61±1.88）mm；PMFL的长度、宽度值分别是（20.31±5.70）mm、（4.05±1.07）mm；AMFL的长度、宽度分别是（18.33±4.41）mm、（4.64±2.81）mm。男、女性PMFL的长度具有统计学差异（P<0.05）。结论对PCL解剖分型的分析，是对既往研究的补充；测量PCL及板股韧带相关解剖学数据，为评估PCL损伤和诊治疾患提供新的思路。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the anatomical characteristics of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and meniscofemoral ligament (MFL), so as to provide useful information for PCL reconstructions. Methods A total of 112 human lower limbs were dissected and variations of the PCL, MFL were noted. The length and width of PCL and MFL were measured using a vernier caliper. Results PCL was divided into two main bundles: anterolateral bundle (ALB) and posteromedial bundle (PMB). In some cases, ALB could be further subdivided into two or three bundles: a central bundle and an anterior bundle in 63 cases; or two central bundles and an anterior bundle in 9 cases. PMB could also be divided into two bundles, which included an oblique bundle and a longitudinal bundle in 29 cases; or two parallel bundles in 41 cases. There was statistically significant difference in the type composition of ALB between males and females (P<0.05). The frequencies of anterior meniscofemoral ligament (AMFL)and posterior meniscofemoral ligament (PMFL) were 9.8% and 67.9%, respectively. The average length and width of PCL were (34.96±4.52) mm, (10.28±2.03) mm; and the average length and width of PMFL were (20.31±5.70) mm, (4.05±1.07) mm, respectively. There was significant difference in the length of PMFL between male and female (P<0.05). Conclusions This study complements previous research on the morphological characteristics and variational patterns of PCL. Understanding the complex anatomical structure of PCL is crucial for assessing PCL injuries and planning related surgical procedures.

导出引用

任建越, 张雪慧, 王静, 李承阳, 任丽娜, 轩秀宁, 姚雨杉, 李京. 后交叉韧带的解剖变异及临床意义[J]. 中国临床解剖学杂志. 2026, 44(2): 126-130 https://doi.org/10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2026.2.02

Ren Jianyue, Zhang Xuehui, Wang Jing, Li Chengyang, Ren Lina, Xuan Xiuning, Yao Yushan, Li Jing. Variations and its clinical significance of the posterior cruciate ligament [J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy. 2026, 44(2): 126-130 https://doi.org/10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2026.2.02

中图分类号： R322.73

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