Objective　To explore the feasibility of barrier resection to treat the buttock soft tissue sarcoma and prevent the related surgical complications.　Methods　(1)The gluteal fascia, the walls of the subgluteus maximus space, superior gluteal artery and sciatic nerve of the pelvic extius were observed on the six specimens. (2) The therapeutic results were analyzed on 15 cases suffered from soft tissue sarcoma of the buttock.　Results　(1) The muscle, tendon, ligaments and fascia on the subgluteus maximus space have barrier effects on stopping the development of the soft tissue sarcoma of the buttock. (2) The gluteal artery on the pelvic extius was surrounded by fibrous connective tissue at the internal edge of the greater sciatic formaen about 1cm. (3) The loosed space between sciatic nerve and infrapiriform foramen was surrounded by adipose tissue. （4）In 15 cases followed up about 6 to 36 months, averagely 24 months, 12 were free of disease , 2 died from pulmonary metastasis, 1 given up the treatment after recurrence. All patients appeared lower limb claudication, 3 suffered from superior gluteal artery damage and followed hemostasis treatment.　Conclusions　(1) Barrier resection is an ideal method for treating soft tissue sarcoma of the buttock. (2) Iliac bone incision is the suitable way to prevent the bleeding of superior gluteal artery during the operation.