Objective To explore effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on motor function, neurotrophic factors and PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in rats with spinal cord injury. Methods 30 SPF-grade male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into the normal (NO), the model (MO), and the BMSCs (BM) groups, with 10 rats in each group. Spinal injury rat models were established in the MO and the BM group, but NO model was established in the NO group. After successful modeling, 10μL of 1×106 BMSCs were injected into the injury sites of the BM group. The NO and the MO group were injected with the same volume of normal saline. The motor function was evaluated by BBB score and inclined plate test. The pathology of spinal cord tissue was detected by HE staining. Serum neurotrophic factor was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway molecules in spinal cord tissue was detected by immunoblotting. Results Compared with the NO group, the BBB score of the MO group decreased (P<0.05), and compared with the MO group, the BBB score of the BM group increased (P<0.05). Compared with the NO group, the inclined plate test Angle in the MO group decreased (P<0.05), while that in the BM group increased (P<0.05). The spinal cord tissue morphology and structure in group NO were normal, cells were arranged regularly, and there were no obvious pathological changes. In group MO, the spinal cord tissue structure was disordered, with cell edema, necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and injury pathological manifestations such as cavities. Compared with group MO, the pathological structure in group BM was significantly improved. Compared with the NO group, the levels of serum NT-3, NGF and BDNF in the MO group increased (P<0.05), and compared with the MO group, the levels of serum NT-3, NGF and BDNF in the BM group increased (P<0.05). Compared with the NO group, the protein expression of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin in the spinal cord tissue of the MO group decreased (P<0.05), while compared with the MO group, the protein expression of pathway molecules in spinal cord tissue of the BM group increased (P<0.05). Conclusions BMSCs have a significant therapeutic effect on rats with spinal cord injury. They can effectively improve motor function, promote the secretion of neurotrophic factors, and activate the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.
Key words
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells /
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Spinal injury /
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Motor function /
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Neurotrophic factor /
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PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway
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