Objective To explore the surgical effect of benign tumor of the superficial lobe of the parotid gland resection through external cervical approach, and to observe medium and long-term prognosis by follow-up. Methods A total of 106 patients with benign tumor of the superficial lobe of the parotid gland undergoing surgical treatment through external cervical approach in the hospital were enrolled between August 2020 and December 2023, and different external cervical approaches were selected according to tumor characteristics. The operation time, blood loss and complete resection rate of tumors were recorded, incision healing and occurrence of facial nerve injury were observed after surgery, and incidence of postoperative complications was recorded. All patients were followed up by outpatient and telephone. The changes of quality of life before and after surgery were evaluated by functional assessment cancer therapy-head & neck (FACT-H&N), and tumors recurrence was followed up. The risk-benefit analysis of external cervical approach in treatment of benign parotid tumors was performed. Results The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length and complete resection rate of tumors in the 106 patients with benign parotid tumors were (61.11±10.63) min, (20.85±5.67) mL, (6.18±1.08) cm and 92.45%, respectively. Compared with 1 month after surgery, incision healing grading was better, score of Vancouver scar scale and incidence of facial nerve injury were lower, and FACT-H&N score was higher at 12 months after surgery (all P<0.05). Within 3 months after surgery, incidence of salivary fistula, Frey syndrome and earlobe numbness was 4.72%, 2.83% and 6.60%, respectively. The deadline of postoperative follow-up was on May 31, 2025, cumulative follow-up time and cumulative recurrence rate were 18-57 months and 7.55% (8/106), respectively. The results of benefit-risk analysis showed that the external cervical approach could effectively improve incision healing quality and quality of life, and reduce the incidence of facial nerve injury, salivary fistula, Frey syndrome, earlobe numbness and recurrence (P<0.05). Conclusions External cervical approaches (traditional S incision, submaxillary incision) have good short-term and long-term curative effect in benign tumor of the superficial lobe of the parotid gland, with low postoperative recurrence rate. However, traditional S incision still has defects, such as long incision length and much intraoperative blood loss. Different personalized and improved incisions can be designed according to tumor quadrant, size and depth so as to shorten incision and improve facial aesthetics.
Key words
Benign tumor of the superficial lobe of the parotid gland; /
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External cervical approach /
Short-term and long-term curative effect; /
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Prognosis
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