Objective To the morphological characteristics at the origin of the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT), and clarify the anatomical types based on cadaveric dissection, so as to provide anatomical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of shoulder joint disorders or ligament reconstruction. Methods A total of 128 human shoulder joint specimens were examined, and the types of origin of LHBT were classified. The width and thickness of the origins were measured with a vernier caliber. Classification was performed according to the characteristics of the starting point. Results (1) Based on the characteristics at the origin of LHBT and its relationship with SLAP, it can be classified as followings: Type I, LHBT entirely originated from the supraglenoid tubercle in 16 cases (12.5%); Type II, LHBT originated from the posterior part of the glenoid labrum at the supraglenoid tubercle in 25 cases (19.5%); Type III, LHBT originated from both supraglenoid tubercle and the superior glenoid labrums in 82 cases (64.1%); Type IV, the LHBT originated from greater tuberosity of humerus in 2 cases (1.6%); Type Ⅴ, LHBT originated from supraglenoid tubercle, anterior and posterior glenoid labrums in 3 cases (2.3%). (2) The widths of LHBT origin in type I, type II, and type III were (5.11±0.65) mm, (6.44±1.12) mm, and (5.63±1.41) mm, respectively, and there were statistically significant differences among the three types (P<0.05). The widths of LHBT origin in male and female were (5.95±1.43) mm and (5.13±0.74) mm respectively, and there were statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the type of LHBT origin between males and females (P>0.05) or between the left and right sides (P<0.05). Conclusions LHBT originates from the supraglenoid tubercle and the posterior part of the glenoid labrums, and is the most common anatomical type. Understanding the anatomy and variant characteristics of LHBT is of great significance for shoulder arthroscopy or shoulder ligament reconstruction surgery.
Key words
Long head of the biceps brachii /
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Origin /
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Variation /
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Applied anatomy
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