This article reports on five cases of fetal persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) diagnosed through anatomical casting techniques. By utilizing an improved dental plaster-barium sulfate infusion method, three-dimensional cardiovascular casting models were created and validated against ultrasound imaging. The cases were between 22 to 30 weeks of gestation. Among them, three presented with the absence of the left brachiocephalic vein type of PLSVC, while two exhibited the bridging type, complicated by various anomalies such as double outlet right ventricle (four cases), pulmonary artery stenosis (three cases), and right aortic arch (two cases). The casting technique clearly illustrated the course of the PLSVC and its spatial relationships with intracardiac malformations, particularly revealing the “Y” shaped blood flow pathway characteristic of the bridging type PLSVC, which is often misinterpreted in routine ultrasound examinations. This research indicates that anatomical casting can accurately reconstruct complex cardiovascular structures, providing precise anatomical references for prenatal ultrasound, thereby enhancing the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis, and improving clinical decision-making quality.
Key words
Anatomical casting; /
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Persistent left superior vena cava; /
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Fetal congenital heart disease
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References
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