Experimental study on the effect of exosome combined acellular dermal matrix hydrogel on wound repair

doi:10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.5.10

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Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5) : 564-572. DOI: 10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.5.10

Experimental study on the effect of exosome combined acellular dermal matrix hydrogel on wound repair

Ren Li¹, Wang Fang², Peng Qian³, Yang Zhiyong⁴*

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Abstract

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of exosome combined with acellular dermal matrix hydrogel on skin wound healing in rats. Methods The 4th~6th generation of rat skin fibroblasts were divided into 4 groups: PBS group, hydrogel group, exosome group, and exosome hydrogel group. CCK-8 was used to detect cell proliferation, scratch assay was used to detect cell migration, and RT-qPCR was used to detect mRNA expression of type I collagen, type III collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor, and α-smooth muscle actin. The full-thickness skin defect wounds of SD rats were established, and the rats were divided into blank control group, hydrogel group, exosome group and exosome hydrogel group. The wound healing rate was observed, and the histopathological changes were observed by HE staining and Masson staining. The protein expressions of type I collagen, type III collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor and α-smooth muscle actin were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with PBS group and exosome group, the proliferation and migration ability of exosome hydrogel composed fibrocytes were significantly enhanced (P<0.05), and the mRNA expression levels of type I collagen, type III collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor and α-smooth muscle actin were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the exosome group, the proliferation and migration of exosome hydrogel fibrocytes were significantly enhanced (P<0.05), and the mRNA expressions of type I collagen, type III collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor and α-smooth muscle actin were increased (P<0.05).Compared with the blank control group, the neoepithelial tissue of the wound in hydrogel group, exosome group and exosome hydrogel group was intact, the density of new collagen was higher, the wound healing was faster, and the protein expressions of type I collagen, type III collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor and α-smooth muscle actin were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the hydrogel group and the exosome group, the wound thickness of the exosome hydrogel group was increased, the collagen distribution was more uniform, the neoepithelial wound healing was faster, and the protein expressions of type I collagen, type III collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor and α-smooth muscle actin were increased in the exosome hydrogel group (P<0.05). Conclusions Exosome acellular dermal matrix hydrogel can promote wound repair by promoting the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and the expression of type I collagen, type III collagen, vascular endothelial growth factor, α-smooth muscle actin and other factors.

Key words

Skin injury / / / Wound repair / / / Acellular dermal matrix / / / Exosomes / / / / Hydrogels

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Ren Li, Wang Fang, Peng Qian, Yang Zhiyong. Experimental study on the effect of exosome combined acellular dermal matrix hydrogel on wound repair[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy. 2025, 43(5): 564-572 https://doi.org/10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.5.10

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