Objective To explore the effect of exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma (PRP-Exo) on wound healing rate and vascularization in the early stage of wound repair in rats. Methods PRP-Exo was extracted from the whole blood of 6 healthy volunteers. 40 rats were randomly divided into model group and PRP-Exo group, with 20 rats in each group. A full-thickness skin defect model was established. PRP-Exo group was injected with 200 μg of PRP-Exo, once per day. On the day of modeling (0 d) and on 3, 7, 11, 14, 17, and 20 days after modeling, photos of the wounds in each group were taken to analyze the wound contraction rate. HE and Masson staining were used to observe histopathological changes. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CD31, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2). HUVEC was divided into the control group (normal culture), the PRP-Exo group (50 μg/mL PRP-Exo), and the PRP-Exo+AG490 group (50 μg/mL PRP-Exo+20 μmol/L AG490). CCK-8, scratch and angiogenesis were used to detect cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis ability. While WB was used to detect molecules related to the JAK2/ signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results Compared with the model group, the wound contraction rate on 7, 11, and 14 days, epidermal thickness and length of new epithelial tissue on 7 day, number of microvessels, and expression levels of α-SMA and JAK2 were increased in the PRP-Exo group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the ability of cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and the expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and VEGF were increased in PRP-Exo group (P<0.05). Compared with the PRP-Exo group, the ability of proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and the expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and VEGF were decreased in PRP-Exo+AG490 group (P<0.05). Conclusions PRP-Exo enhances wound vascularization and promotes wound healing in rats through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Key words
Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma; /
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Wound healing; /
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Vascularization; /
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Janus kinase 2; /
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STAT3
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