Morphometric measurement of the cervical spine for minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation using reverse engineering and three-dimensional reconstruction
ZHOU Zi-jia, SUN Qiu-min, WEN Chao-lun, CHEN Xi, LIU Fang, WANG Ai-ping, LI Yan-bing
Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy ›› 2016, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6) : 619-624.
Morphometric measurement of the cervical spine for minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation using reverse engineering and three-dimensional reconstruction
Objective To study the entry point of cervical pedicle screw insertion and its three-dimensional relationship of the spinous process, and to provide anatomical basis for percutaneous cervical pedicle screw fixation and the design of the aiming device. Methods 3D models were imported into UG13.2 imageware for measurement. We took the 70%、80% and 90% as our research foundation, and several measurements were conducted, including the biggest inscribed circle radius(R), the lateral angle(Ap) and the length of pedicle insertion channel(L).The intersection between entry axis and coronal plane was defined as point C. Besides, point E and point F respectively represented medial and lateral midpoints of the pedicle. The angel between line CE and line CF was calculated(Ac). The distance from the entry point(B) and point C to each reference plane; BD and CD represented to the distances from point B and point C to the end of the spinous process, respectively. Results (1) The inscribed circle radius from C3 to C7 ranged from 2.79 mm to 3.89 mm.(2)The PSC length increased with the increase of borderline depths. (3)The bigger the borderline depths, the larger the insertion angle. (4) The maximum of Ac from both C3 to C7 appeared at 70% borderline depth.(5)The distance from point B and point C to sagittal plane and spinous process increased with the increase of borderline depth. Conclusion The three-dimensional relationship of the cervical pedicle and its relationship of spinous process in 70%,80%, and 90% boundary depths in this study have been analyzed, which can provide the anatomical basis for percutaneous cervical pedicle screw placement and its locating device design.
Spinous process / Pedicle insertion channel / Three-dimensional relationship / Cervical vertebra
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