Objective To compare retrospectively the efficacy of small incision and traditional open repair combined with early accelerated rehabilitation in the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture. Methods Patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture were divided into a small incision group (n=22) and an open group (n=23) for surgical treatment. All patients underwent early accelerated rehabilitation. Postoperative Achilles Tendon Rupture Score (ATRS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, imaging examination, incidence of secondary injury, Achilles tendon re-rupture rate, operation time, hospitalization time, return to sports time and patient satisfaction were analyzed. Results The ATRS of the small incision group was higher than that of the open group 3 months after surgery. There was no significant difference in the postoperative VAS score and ATRS 12 months after surgery between the two groups. In the small incision group and the open group, 1/1 case had superficial tissue infection and 1/3 had deep tissue infection. No re-rupture cases were found in the imaging examination of the two groups 1 year after surgery. The patients with "high satisfaction" of the small incision group was higher than that of the open group. Conclusions Based on the early accelerated rehabilitation program, both small incision and traditional open repair can achieve better therapeutic effects for patients, but the patients in the small incision group have higher postoperative satisfaction with the incision and faster postoperative recovery. Therefore, small incision repair technology combined with early accelerated rehabilitation program can be used as a feasible choice for surgical treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture.
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