膝骨性关节炎大鼠前交叉韧带的生物力学性能研究

杨昊霖, 王勉, 李子涛, 邓羽平, 赵东良, 黄文华

doi:10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.3.15

中国临床解剖学杂志 >

2025 , Vol. 43 >Issue 3: 342 - 350

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.3.15

临床生物力学

膝骨性关节炎大鼠前交叉韧带的生物力学性能研究

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1.西南医科大学中西医结合学院，四川泸州 646000； 2.南方医科大学基础医学院人体解剖学国家重点学科，广东省医学生物力学重点实验室，广东省医学3D打印应用转化工程技术研究中心，广东广州 510515； 3.深圳市坪山区人民医院（南方医科大学坪山总医院），广东深圳 518118； 4.牡丹江医学院附属红旗医院骨科，黑龙江牡丹江 157011； 5.牡丹江市北药资源开发与应用协同创新中心，黑龙江牡丹江 157011； 6.南方医科大学中西医结合医院骨伤科，广东广州 510315； 7.北京大学深圳研究生院，广东深圳 518055； 8.深圳湾实验室，广东深圳 518132； 9.南方医科大学第三附属医院，广东省医学3D打印应用转化创新平台，广东广州 510000

杨昊霖（1998-），男，河南郑州人，在读硕士，主要从事骨科软组织生物力学方面研究，E-mail：s1124909268@163.com

收稿日期: 2024-07-08

网络出版日期: 2025-06-24

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2022YFB4600600）；国家自然科学基金（31972915，32271181）；国家自然科学基金（82305261）；中国博士后科学基金（2022M711533）；广东省优秀青年人才国际培养计划博士后项目；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金（2020B1515120001）；国家自然科学基金青年项目（12202017）；深圳市科技计划资助（JCYJ20210324130401005）；深圳市医学研究专项资金（深医专项A2303037）；深圳湾实验室启动基金（QH3003, 21300021）；深圳市优秀科技创新人才培养项目（RCBS20231211090712024）；黑龙江省自然科学基金项目（SS2023H004）

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Biomechanical properties of anterior cruciate ligament in rats with knee osteoarthritis

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1. School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 2. Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; 3. Pingshan District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong Province, China; 4. Department of Orthopedics, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated To Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China; 5. Mudanjiang Beiyao Resources Development and Application Collaborative Innovation Center, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China; 6. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, Guangdong Province, China; 7. Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China; 8. Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, Guangdong Province, China; 9. Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China

Received date: 2024-07-08

Online published: 2025-06-24

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摘要

目的前交叉韧带在力学响应中表现出典型的非线性特性及黏弹性。膝骨性关节炎（knee osteoarthritis，KOA）与前交叉韧带的生物力学特性息息相关，但早期KOA对前交叉韧带的力学性能的影响尚不明确。多方法探讨KOA大鼠前交叉韧带生物力学性能的改变。方法三周左后肢伸直位固定法构建KOA大鼠模型。番红O-固绿染色并结合改良Mankin's关节软骨病理评分法对模型进行评估，后取下正常组与模型组前交叉韧带。通过微型力学加载系统对正常及关节炎前交叉韧带进行宏观力学测试。组织学染色法表征细观韧带组织成分变化。双光子显微镜对细观组织进行结构观测。结果番红O-固绿染色结果表明，三周固定后左肢出现早期KOA软骨病理改变，证实模型构建成功；HE染色结果显示，早期KOA前交叉韧带出现炎症细胞浸润，韧带处在炎性环境中；宏观力学结果表明，早期KOA前交叉韧带的刚度、低张模量、高张模量均增高；代偿侧初始斜率较正常组右侧前交叉韧带升高；微观结构结果表明，KOA前交叉韧带结构紊乱，胶原纤维排列方向混乱。结论以上结果表明，关节制动诱导下的早期KOA前交叉韧带力学性质的改变以组织刚度上升为主，而这可能与韧带组织炎性浸润及其微观胶原纤维结构改变等有关。

关键词： 膝骨性关节炎; ; ; 前交叉韧带; ; ; 生物力学; ; ; 黏弹性

本文引用格式

杨昊霖, 王勉, 李子涛, 邓羽平, 赵东良, 黄文华 . 膝骨性关节炎大鼠前交叉韧带的生物力学性能研究[J]. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2025 , 43(3) : 342 -350 . DOI: 10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2025.3.15

Abstract

Objective To investigate the changes of biomechanical response of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in KOA rats. Methods The left hind limb was immobilized for 3 weeks to establish a rat model of early knee osteoarthritis, after success of model was confirmed by Saffron-O and Fast Green staining, two groups of anterior cruciate ligaments were dissected for macroscopic mechanical testing by multi-scale micro-mechanical loading system. The changes of microscopic components were determined by histological staining. The microstructure was observed by two-photon microscopy. Results The results of Saffron-O and Fast Green staining showed early pathological changes of cartilage in KOA after 3 weeks of left hind limb fixation. HE staining showed that anterior cruciate ligament was infiltrated by inflammatory cells in early KOA, ligaments in an inflammatory environment. The macroscopic mechanical test indicated that stiffness, low tensile modulus, and high tensile modulus of ACL changed in early arthritis. The initial slope of compensatory side was higher than that of the right anterior cruciate ligament in the normal group. The microstructure observation confirmed that ACL was disordered after arthritis, and the arrangement direction of collagen fibers was disordered. Conclusions These results indicate that the changes of mechanical properties of ACL of KOA induced by joint braking are mainly characterized by an increase of tissue stiffness, which may be related to inflammatory infiltration of ligament tissue and the changes of microscopic collagen fiber structure.

Key words： Knee osteoarthritis; ; ; Anterior cruciate ligament; ; ; Biomechanics; ; ; ; Viscoelasticity

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