目的 探讨颗粒脂肪作为工程模块在大体积工程脂肪组织构建中的自组装能力，并评估其维持细胞存活的最大深度。 方法 通过比例放大和结构优化，将脂肪工程组织体积从不足1 mL增至27 mL，评估放大后组织自组装能力及结构稳定性。同时，分析静态培养条件下组织核心区域是否因缺氧或营养不足发生坏死。 结果 颗粒脂肪作为工程模块可在27 mL大体积工程脂肪组织中自组装形成形态稳定的脂肪瓣。然而，受限于静态培养下物质扩散，72 h内营养扩散深度未超10 mm，细胞存活率和代谢活性随深度增加而下降，6 mm以上区域显著降低，接近坏死水平。 结论 颗粒脂肪可实现27 mL工程脂肪组织的快速构建，但因扩散限制，其细胞存活深度未达10 mm，需优化培养策略以提升深层细胞存活。
Objective To investigate the self-assembly capacity of lipoaspirates as an engineering module in constructing large-volume engineered adipose tissue and to evaluate its maximum survival depth for maintaining cell viability. Methods The engineered tissue volume was scaled up from less than 1 mL to 27 mL with structural optimization, and the self-assembly capability and structural stability post-expansion were assessed. Additionally, the presence of hypoxia- or nutrient deficiency-induced necrosis in the tissue core under static culture conditions was analyzed. Results Lipoaspirates as an engineering module successfully self-assembled into a morphologically stable adipose flap in a 27 mL large-volume construct. However, limited by substance diffusion in static culture, nutrient penetration depth remained below 10 mm within 72 hours, with cell viability and metabolic activity decreasing with depth. Beyond 6 mm, both parameters dropped significantly, indicating near-complete necrosis. Conclusions Lipoaspirates enable rapid construction of 27 mL engineered adipose tissue, but its cell survival depth is limited to less than 10 mm due to diffusion constraints, highlighting the need for optimized culture strategies to enhance deep-layer cell viability.
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