Objective To collect the imaging data of axillary artery and its branches by combining computed tomography angiography (CTA), and to supplement the classification and variation of axillary artery branches, so as to provide reference for clinical axillary structure and axillary artery injury. Methods The image data of 100 patients with CTA of left upper limb and axilla were randomly collected from Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. After 3D reconstruction by GE AW4.6 workstation, the course, branch type and variation of axillary artery were observed The whole segment length, branch segment length and internal diameter of each segment were measured and statistically analyzed. Results The axillary artery classification can be divided into 7 types according to the number of branches from the main trunk: type I: accounting for 7%, type II: 24%, type III: 18%, type IV: 29%, type V: 11%, type VI: 9%, type VII: 2%. There were 5 types according to the origin of blood vessels: type I: accounting for 1.8%, type II: 2.9%, type III: 2.4%, type IV: 6%, type V: 0.5%, no origin variation accounted for 86.4%. There were 7 types according to the first-level branches from the common trunk, type I: accounting for 16%, type II: 5%, type III: 2%, type IV: 2%, type V: 1%, type VI: 1%, type VII: 12%, no co-common trunk variation accounted for 61%. Conclusions There are many variation types of axillary artery branches. CTA images can clearly and directly reflect the course, branch type and variation of axillary artery. The imaging data of axillary artery branches and variation are supplemented and improved, so as to provide reference for the establishment of a new blood supply pathway for clinical axillary vascular injury.
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