目的 探究胆管癌发生发展的分子机制。 方法 在GEO数据库中下载数据集GSE89749，并依次进行差异基因分析、GO/KEGG富集分析和蛋白-蛋白网络（PPI）分析以得到关键基因。TCGA数据库中分析COL4A1在肾上腺皮质癌、膀胱尿路上皮癌和乳腺浸润癌等16种癌症的基因表达情况。 结果 差异基因和GO/KEGG富集分析显示差异基因被显著富集在含胶原蛋白的细胞外基质。PPI分析结果显示基因胶原IVα1基因（COL4A1）为关键基因。COL4A1基因在胆管癌、结直肠癌和食管癌等8种癌症中高表达。 结论 COL4A1在胆管癌组织中显著高表达，这为探究胆管癌发生发展的分子机制提供了新的角度和实验基础。
Objective To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of cholangiocarcinoma. Methods The dataset GSE89749 was downloaded from the GEO database, and differential gene analysis, GO/KEGG enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis were sequentially performed to identify key genes. The expressions of COL4A1 in 16 types of cancers, including adrenocortical carcinoma, bladder urothelial carcinoma, and invasive breast carcinoma, were analyzed in the TCGA database. Results Differential gene and GO/KEGG enrichment analysis showed that differential genes were significantly enriched in the extracellular matrix containing collagen. PPI analysis identified the gene COL4A1 as a key gene. COL4A1 was found to be highly expressed in cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, and esophageal cancer among 8 types of cancers. Conclusions COL4A1 is significantly over-expressed in cholangiocarcinoma tissues, providing new perspective and experimental basis for exploring the molecular mechanisms of cholangiocarcinoma development.
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