目的 揭示足底中间群和足背肌的肌内神经整体分布模式，探讨其意义。 方法 取下12具经福尔马林固定的成人尸体足底中间群肌和足背肌，改良的Sihler’s染色法显示肌内神经整体分布模式。 结果 接受足底内侧神经支配的趾短屈肌、第1和第2蚓状肌的神经支，分别从肌的内侧深面和浅面入肌；接受足底外侧神经支配的足底方肌、第3和第4蚓状肌的神经支从肌止端走向起端；骨间足底肌和骨间背侧肌的神经支从肌起端走向止端。趾短伸肌和母短伸肌的神经支共干。蚓状肌、第1和第2骨间足底肌、第1骨间背侧、母短伸肌和趾短伸肌仅在肌腹中部形成1个肌内神经密集区；趾短屈肌、足底方肌、第3骨间足底肌以及第2~4骨间背侧肌有2个肌内神经密集区，位于肌腹两侧，这些肌可分为2个神经肌亚部。 结论 这些结果可为外科手术免于神经损伤、肌移植的选材匹配，以及注射肉毒毒素A阻滞这些肌的痉挛提供形态学指导。
关键词：
足底中间群肌; ; ; 足背肌; ; ; 肌内神经; ; ; Sihler’s染色; ; ; 分布模式
Objective To reveal the whole-mount intramuscular never distribution pattern of intermediate plantar group and dorsails pedis muscles and to explore its significance. Methods The intermediate plantar group and dorsails pedis muscles from twelve adult cadavers fixed by formalin were removed. Modified Sihler's staining was used to display the whole-mount intramuscular nerve distribution pattern. Results The nerve branches of the flexor brevis digitorum, the first and second lunbrical muscles innervated by medial plantar nerve entered from deep and superficial surface respectively. The nerve branches of the quadrates, the third and fourth plantar lunbrical muscles innervated by lateral plantar never coursed from the insertion to the origin of the muscle. While the nerve branches of the interossei plantar muscles and the interossei dorsal muscles coursed from the origin to the insertion of the muscle. The nerve branches of the extensor hallucis brevis and the extensor brevis digitorum muscle shared one nerve trunk. The lumbrical muscles, the first and second interossei plantar muscles, the first interossei dorsal muscle, the extensor hallucis brevis and the extensor brevis digitorum muscle formed only one intramuscular nerve dense region in the middle of the muscle belly. The flexor brevis digitorum, the quadrates plantae, the third interossei plantar muscle and the second to fourth interossei dorsal muscles had two intramuscular nerve dense regions on both sides of the muscle, these muscles can be divided into two neuromuscular subdivisions. Conclusions These results may provide morphological guidance for surgical operation to avoid nerve injury and the selection and matching of muscle transplantation and the injection of botulinum toxin A to block the spasticity of these muscles.
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