目的 通过对三角骨微血管的灌注及观察，明确三角骨滋养孔的位置分布、骨内血管的走形，同时对三角骨微结构进行进一步分析。 方法 利用明胶粉末和Pb3O4的混合灌注液，对12例标本进行灌注，灌注成功后通过Micro-CT进行扫描，将数据导入Mimics软件进行三维血管的重建，对三角骨滋养孔的分布、骨内血管的走形、血管直径及骨微结构进行测量及分析。 结果 三角骨近端掌侧、体部尺背侧以及远端背侧可见较恒定的滋养孔，其中近端掌侧为(1.42±0.51)支，体部尺背侧为(1.58±0.51)支，远端背侧为(3.25±0.87)支；近端掌侧的滋养孔直径较粗为(0.52±0.07) mm，其余依次为(0.48±0.11) mm及(0.48±0.12) mm；近端掌侧、体部尺背侧及远端背侧滋养孔直径两两比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。三角骨近端掌侧的滋养血管向骨内的延续较深，维持一定骨内直径的同时与三角骨长轴平行；三角骨远端背侧的滋养血管较多，但延续入骨内的血管短浅。 结论 （1）三角骨近端掌侧、体部尺背侧以及远端背侧有恒定的滋养孔及滋养血管存在；（2）近端掌侧的滋养血管为三角骨的主要血供来源，其次是体部尺背侧的滋养血管；（3）三角骨背侧骨小梁的稀疏与背侧撕脱性骨折可能有相关性，但有待进一步验证。
Objective To investigate the location and distribution of triquetral bone nutrient foramen and the shape of the intraosseous vessels and analyze the micro-structure of the triquetral bone by perfusion. Methods Twelve specimens were perfused with gelatin powder and Pb3O4 mixed perfusion solution. After perfusion, scanning was performed by Micro-CT. The distribution of nutrient foramen in triquetral bone, the shape of intraosseous vessels, the diameter of blood vessels and the microstructure of bone were measured and analyzed by three-dimensional vascular reconstruction of the Mimics software after obtaining the result of tomography. Results The relatively constant nutrient foramen could be observed on the proximal volar of triquetral bone, dorsal ulnar side of the body and distal dorsal sides of triquetral bone. The numner of nutrient foramen on the proximal volar side was 1.42±0.51, the body ulnar dorsal side was 1.58±0.51, and the distal dorsal side was 3.25±0.87. The diameter of intraosseous vessels in proximal volar side, the body ulnar dorsal side, the distal dorsal side were (0.52±0.07) mm, (0.48±0.11) mm and (0.48±0.12) mm, respectively. There was no significant difference in the diameter of the nutrient foramen between the two groups. The nutrient vessels on the proximal volar side of the triquetral bone extended deeply into the bone, paralleling to the long axis of the triquetral bone. There were many nutrient vessels on the distal dorsal side of the triquetral bone, but the vessels that continued into the bone were short and shallow. Conclusions (1)There are constant nutrient foramen and vessels in the proximal metacarpal, ulnar dorsal and distal dorsal sides of the triquetral bone. (2)The nutrient vessels in the proximal metacarpal are the main blood supply source of the triquetral bone, followed by the nutrient vessels in the ulnar dorsal side of the body. (3)The sparsity of the trabecula in the dorsal side of the triquetral bone may be related to the dorsal avulsion fracture, which need further verified.
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