基于三维CT的臀上动脉解剖学研究
Anatomy of the superior gluteal artery assessed by three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography
目的 通过三维CT血管成像(three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography， 3DCT-A)描述臀上动脉(superior gluteal artery，SGA)的位置及解剖形态。 方法 纳入114例(228髋)患者的3DCT-A数据做以下研究：(1)观察SGA的显影情况；(2)观察SGA的起始、分支及走行特点；(3)定义 SGA盆外部分主干为：出盆点到深支止点或折弯点(当深支为1支时)的一段SGA，测量其长度并进行不同性别间的比较；(4)测量SGA盆外部分主干到骨盆骨性标志(髂后上棘、坐骨大切迹起点、坐骨棘)、骨性标志间连线(坐骨棘与髂结节间)的距离，并进行不同性别间的比较。 结果 (1)94例患者的SGA显示清晰；(2)所有患者的SGA均来源于髂内动脉；(3)28髋的SGA在出盆前近出盆处发出分支；(4)SGA出盆点到坐骨大切迹起点的距离、到坐骨棘的距离在男女患者间均存在统计学差异；(5)SGA盆外部分主干与髂结节和坐骨棘间连线成近似平行关系。 结论 通过3DCT-A了解SGA的位置及解剖形态，能为预防 SGA的医源性损伤提供帮助。
Objective The purpose of this study was to clarify the location and anatomy of superior gluteal artery(SGA) using three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography(3DCT-A). Methods 3DCT-A data of 114 subjects (228 hips) adopted and the following examinations were performed; (1) observation of the development rate of SGA; (2) observation of the origin, branch and course of the SGA; (3) definition of the main trunk of the extra-pelvic part of SGA(po-SGA) as the part of SGA from the point where SGA crossed through the greater sciatic notch to the end or the turning point (when there was only one deep branch) of the deep branch; the length of this main trunk was then measured, and comparison of the length between male and female was performed; (4) measurement of the length between this main trunk and bony landmarks (posterior superior iliac spine, ischial spine, greater sciatic notch starting point) of the pelvis, the lengths from this main trunk to the line between the bony landmarks(iliac tubercle, ischial spine) were carried out, and comparison of the lengths between male and female performed . Results (1)The SGA could be clearly observed in 94 subjects; (2)All SGAs originated from the internal iliac artery(IIA); (3)The SGA issued a branch in 28 hips before passing through the greater sciate notch. (4)There were statistical differences in the length between the starting point of po-SGA and the greater sciatic notch starting point, and in the length between the starting point of po-SGA and the ischial spine among male and female subjects. (5)The main trunk of po-SGA was approximatively paralleled to the line between the iliac tubercle and the ischial spine. Conclusion Understanding of the location and the anatomic relation of the SGA to the pelvis using 3DCT-A is helpful for preventing the SGA injury during surgery.
Superior gluteal artery / Three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography / Anatomy
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广东省自然科学基金项目（10151051501000085）; AO创伤亚太研究基金
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