目的　为树鼩肝移植的开展提供解剖学基础。  方法　解剖12只成年树鼩观察肝脏形态、毗邻及主要血管、胆管的走形和分布，并在解剖基础上探讨和对3组树鼩采用“双袖套管法”行肝移植术。  结果　树鼩肝动脉直径（0.63±0.21）mm，均发自腹腔干；肝上下腔静脉距横膈（5.35±0.55）mm，直径（6.86±0.61）mm；肝下下腔静脉直径（5.28±0.58）mm；肝门静脉由肠系膜上静脉及脾静脉汇成，直径（3.86±　0.57）mm；胆总管由胆囊管及肝总管汇成，长度（15.5±2.6)mm；直径(0.75±0.12)mm。3组树鼩顺利行肝移植术操作，术后存活时间为3h、5h和6h。  结论　树鼩在解剖学基础上建立肝移植模型具有一定的可行性。

Objective　To provide anatomic basis for liver transplantation of treeshrew.　Methods　Through anatomy of 12 adult treeshrews, the liver morphology and adjacency, the main blood vessels and biliary duct were observed and measured. Three groups of treeshrews was performed liver transplantation by two cuff method.　Results　The diameter of hepatic artery came from the celiac trunk was about  (0.63±0.21) mm, and that of the superior hepatic inferior vena cava  away from the diaphragm about  (5.35±0.55) mm was  (6.86±0.61) mm. The diameter of inferior hepatic inferior vena cava was (5.28±0.58) mm, and that of the portal vein composed by the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein was (3.86±0.57) mm. The length of common bile composed by the cystic duct and general hepatic duct duct was (15.5±2.6) mm, and the diameter  (0.75±0.12) mm. Three groups of treeshrews were operated liver transplantation successfully and the survival time of postoperative were 3h, 5h and 6h respectively.　Conclusions　On the anatomic basis, the establishment of liver transplantation of treeshrew is a certain feasible.