髌下深囊与关节腔间组织结构观察及临床意义
Anatomy and clinical significance of the tissues separating the deep infrapatellar bursa and knee joint cavity
目的 观察髌下深囊和关节腔间组织结构特点，为膝关节疾病的影像学诊断研究提供依据。 方法 对20侧固定后的膝关节标本进行解剖，观察关节腔、髌下深囊的滑膜分布及其之间区域组织结构；对20件膝关节铸型标本进行观察，研究关节腔、髌下深囊及其之间区域的血管来源、分支及分布。 结果 关节腔和髌下深囊内表面有相同的滑膜组织，但彼此间并非延续而成，二者之间被髌下脂肪组织填充分隔；关节腔、髌下深囊及其之间区域主要通过膝降动脉、膝下内侧动脉和膝上、下外侧动脉及其分支连通。 结论 髌下深囊和膝关节腔间滑膜互不延续，二者间有动脉连通。不同的膝关节病变在髌下深囊和膝关节腔可有不同的病理改变和影像学表现。
Objective To investigate structural features of the soft tissues separating the deep infrapatellar bursa and knee joint cavity, and provide anatomic basis for imaging diagnosis of knee joint diseases. Methods 20 specimens of antiseptic knee joint were dissected. Synovial membrane of knee joint cavity and deep infrapatellar bursa, and the related connective tissue were observed and analyzed. Meanwhile, 20 knee cast samples were used to explore the origin, branches, and distribution of the blood vessels in knee joint cavity and deep infrapatellar bursa. Results Synovial tissues covered the internal surface of knee joint cavity and deep infrapatellar bursa, however, synovial membrane of deep infrapatellar bursa was separated from that of knee joint cavity by infrapatellar adipose tissue. Different arteries, including descending genicular artery, inferior-internal arteries of knee, superior-external artery of knee, inferior-external arteries of knee and its branches passed through knee joint cavity and deep infrapatellar bursa. Conclusions The synovial tissue of knee joint cavity is divided from that of deep infrapatellar bursa, however, arterial connection occurs between them. Different pathological and imaging changes maybe appear in knee joint cavity and deep infrapatellar bursa for different kinds of diseases.
Deep infrapatellar bursa / Knee joint cavity / Tissue structure / Clinical significanc
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