关键词: 内镜手术, 经阴道肾切除术, 髂外动脉, 生殖股神经

Abstract:

Objective　To provide anatomy basis for the clinical application of transvaginal endoscopic nephrectomy, by anatomic research on the position relationship between external iliac artery，ovarian vessel of the pelvic part, genitofemoral nerve and psoas major muscle under the endoscope.　Methods　Eight samples of abdomen-pelvis obtained from female adults were gross dissected and observed under the endoscope. Taken the intersecting point of ovarian vessel and external iliac artery as the landmark point under the endoscope, its distance to the genitofemoral nerve was measured. Then the relative safe area of the operative approaching through vagina to pelvic cavity and then to retroperitoneal space under the endoscope was provided.　Results　（1）The intersecting point of ovarian vessel and external iliac artery was taken as the anatomic landmark point. It was found that the angles of the intersecting point between the external iliac artery and the left, respectively the right, ovarian vessel were (20.68±3.14)° and (29.48±2.47)°, respectively.（2）The distances between the intersecting point and the left, respectively the right, genitofemoral nerve were (11.84±0.80) mm and (12.60±1.32) mm, respectively.　Conclusions　On the plane of the intersection of ovarian vessel and external iliac artery, entering the retroperitoneal space from the lateral of the external iliac artery and psoas major muscle is a relative safe area.

Key words: Endoscopic surgery, Transvaginal nephrectomy,  , External iliac artery, Genitofemoral nerve