目的　通过对下胫腓联合稳定复合体的解剖研究，分析下胫腓关节损伤的机制，为临床提供解剖学依据。  方法    8侧标本上，对下胫腓稳定复合体进行层次解剖及通过暴力实验制作下胫腓关节损伤模型以模拟临床多见的下胫腓关节损伤症状。  结果    下胫腓稳定复合体由四条韧带组成，分别为胫腓下联合前韧带、胫腓下联合后韧带、胫腓下联合横韧带及胫腓骨间韧带组成。模拟实验中，足向外翻向后旋转时，胫腓下联合前韧带首先撕裂而胫腓下联合后韧带和胫腓下联合横韧带保存完整。  结论    当下胫腓稳定复合体损伤时，会出现下胫腓关节分离，对下胫腓关节分离的患者应将完全断裂的韧带早期修补重建。

Objective　To analyze the injury mechanism of the distal tibiofibular joint through the anatomic investigation of the complex ligament of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis.　Methods　To dissect the complex ligament of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis layer by layer and simulate the clinical injury of the distal tibiofibular joint by performing the injury model of the distal tibiofibular joint in 8 cadaveric specimens.　Results　The complex ligament of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis included the anterior tibiofibular ligament, the posterior tibiofibular ligament, the transverse tibiofibular ligament and the interosseous tibiofibular ligament. In this simulation test, the anterior tibiofibular ligament would be broken but the posterior tibiofibular ligament and the transverse tibiofibular ligament could be preserved at the position of extroversion and posterorotation.  　Conclusions　The tibiofibular joint may be separated under the damage of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis, which implicates that the repairing and reconstructing of the broken ligament in time is necessary.