目的　研究喉部动脉分布的形态学特点，为喉部肿瘤的三维放射治疗、喉移植及喉部修复重建提供解剖学基础。  方法　(1)10例（男,女各5）结构完整的喉部标本铸型，用盐酸腐蚀，观察喉部动脉分支，游标卡尺测量血管粗细大小；(2)20例（男,女各10）结构完整的喉部标本用过氯乙稀和硫酸钡混合铸型，采用美国GE Signa MR/i型1.5T等全身MR扫描仪进行水平面和矢状面的扫描，获得得到喉部血管的的影像学数据；(3)20例（男,女各10）结构完整的喉部标本铸型，进行1mm/片磨铣，进一步确定喉部动脉与周围器官组织的位置关系，对供应喉部血液的血管进行定位分析；10例（男,女各5）动脉铸型的喉部标本在体视显微镜（coic xtl 23:7.5-30倍）下进行观察。对喉部动脉分支分布走行进行分析定量。  结果　喉部血供主要来自甲状腺上动脉和甲状腺下动脉分支，左、右甲状腺上动脉的长度为(4.2±0.2)cm和(4.0±0.2)cm，起始点的口径为(1.5±0.3cm),甲状腺上动脉入喉后分出7个主要分支，分别为甲状腺上动脉第1分支--第7分支；左、右甲状腺下动脉的长度为(2.3±0.27)cmm和(2.2±0.27cmm)，起始点的口径为　(1.6±0.37)mm，入喉点口径为(1.4±0.3) mm和(1.3±0.3) mm。甲状腺下动脉入喉后分出4个主要分支，分别为甲状腺上动脉第1分支--第4分支。  结论　采用这4种不同的形态学研究方法对喉部动脉分支分布走行特点的观察分析和定量研究，较详细的获得了喉部动脉的走行分布大小及分布位置,以及喉各部位的血管分布情况。

Objective　To explore morphological characteristic of laryngeal artery and further to provide precise anatomic basis for larynx neoplasms 3D radiotherapy, laryngeal transplantation and laryngeal reconstruction.　Methods　The total of 10 casting cadavers (5 male and 5 female samples, respectively) corroded by hydrochloric acid were used to explore the status of laryngeal arteriole, and then the size of laryngeal arteriole and its branches was measured by sliding caliper. Another total of 20 casting cadavers (10 male and 10 female samples, respectively) were cast by Vinyl chloride and BaSO4 mixture solution, then the scan of horizontal and vertical plane was harvested by GE signa MR/I 1.5T MRI technique to acquire image data of laryngeal arteriole. Thereafter, they were frozen with 1mm/piece-milling and grinded to pinpoint the position of laryngeal arteriole for analysis the localization of blood vessel supplying laryngeal blood. The branching of laryngeal artery and branches of 10 cadavers (5 male and 5 female sample, respectively) were indicated by Micro-dissection under a stereoscopic microscope (coic xtl 23:7.5-30×). At last, the direction and branching of laryngeal artery were explored with quantification analysis.　Results　The blood supply of laryngeal was from branching of arteria thyreoidea superior and arteria thyreoidea inferior, which length were (4.2±0.2) cm and (4.0±0.2) cm, respectively, with a diameter of (1.5±0.3)cm from the beginning. There were mainly 7 branching origining from arteria thyreoidea superior, as showed in table 1. The length of left and right arteria thyreoidea inferior were (2.3±0.27)cm and (2.2±0.27)cm, respectively, and the terminal diameter was (1.4±0.3) mm and (1.3±0.3) mm, respectively. There were mainly 4 branches origining from arteria thyreoidea, which were the 1st to 4th branches of arteria thyreoidea superior inferior, identified as showed in table 2.    Conclusions    The basic datum of the size, branching, direction of laryngeal arteriole, and the micro-vascularity of tissues around laryngeal are obtained with four morphological methods.