目的　对面神经颞骨内段进行的显微解剖,为临床手术提供解剖学参数。 方法　应用10%福尔马林充分固定的成人尸头标本10例20侧;漂白干颅骨10例20侧。结合手术入路对面神经及其毗邻结构进行测量和拍照。 结果　面神经颞骨骨质内分支分为四段,即内耳道段、迷路段、鼓室段和乳突段，分别长为（10.11±1.41）、（3.81±0.74）、（10.51±1.44）、（15.51±1.94）mm。内耳道段与位听神经伴行，鼓室段与骨迷路和中耳关系密切，经茎乳孔出颅。 结论　（1）经岩前入路中可利用弓状隆起和岩大神经定位。（2）经迷路入内耳道底的Bill嵴是寻找面神经内耳道段的重要标志。（3）岩大神经起点内侧5 mm的垂直线是定位耳蜗方便、可靠的标志线。（4）弓状隆起和岩大神经的夹角平分线是从颅中窝寻找内耳道的最好的解剖标志。

    Objective　To study the microsurgical anatomy of sclerotin segment of facial nerve so as to provide anatomic parameters for clinical application.  Methods　Ten adult cadavers were fixed and perfused with color silicon. Facial nerves of these cadavers were observed and measured under operating microscope according to the lateral cranial base operative approach. Ten dry skulls were dissected to observe the relationships of osseous structures. The anatomic relationship and data of different segments of facial nerve were obtained respectively.  Results　The facial nerve was divided into four segments, namely, internal acoustic meatus segment, labyrinthine segment, tympanum segment and mastoid segment. The cerebellopontine angle segment and internal acoustic meatus segment of facial nerve paralleled the vestibulocochlear nerve. The tympanum segment was closely related with osseous labyrinth and left the cranium from stylomastoid foramen. Conclusions　Arcuate eminence and greater superficial petrosal nerve are important mark to locate internal acoustic meatus segment and labyrinthine segment in antepetrosal approach. Approach by the labyrinthine of Bill Crest is an important indicator of internal acoustic meatus segment of facial nerve. The angle bisector of Arcuate eminence and greater superficial petrosal nerve is the best marker to locate the internal acoustic meatus from middle cranial fossa.