目的： 测定正常成人活体肾脏的肾实质体积（Renal Parenchyma Volume , RPV）95％的参考值范围，并探讨RPV与年龄、性别、身高和体重的关系，建立预测RPV的简单方程。方法： 收集无肾脏病史并行腹部CT平扫的成人患者200例，应用CT图像和体积测量软件测量RPV。结果： 左侧、右侧和双侧RPV的95%的参考值范围女性成人分别为（81.80，166.66）cm3，（75.50，168.64）cm3和（160.57，332.03）cm3；男性成人分别为（102.57，193.71）cm3，（102.57，188.31）cm3和（208.01，379.15）cm3。无论男女左侧RPV与右侧RPV无统计学差异（P＞0.05）；男女同侧RPV有统计学差异（P<0.001）；男性不同年龄组及女性不同年龄组双侧RPV均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）；多元线性回归分析显示成人RPV与身高和体重有线性回归关系，而与年龄和性别无线性回归关系，采用逐步回归法得到：成人双侧RPV（cm3)=3.264×身高（cm）+1.060×体重（kg）-335.909。结论：（1）无论男女，成人左侧RPV与右侧RPV无统计学差异；（2） 正常成人RPV主要与身高和体重相关，且受身高影响较大；（3）以身高和体重为变量可预测成人RPV。

　　Objective: To decide 95% reference value of normal renal parenchyma volume（NRPV）in adults, and explore its relationship with the age, sexuality, body height and weight of the individual, and establish a simple formula for predicting NRPV. Methods: 200 cases without renal diseases underwent no-enhancement abdomen CT. Renal parenchyma volumes（RPV）obtained from CT data were measured adopting volume software. Result: 95% reference value of left，right and bilateral RPV were respectively (81.80, 166.66) cm3, (75.50, 168.64) cm3 and (160.57, 332.03) cm3 for women, and (102.57，193.71）cm3，（102.57，188.31）cm3 and（208.01，379.15）cm3 for men. There was no significant difference between left and right RPV between male and female (P>0.05), however, ipsilateral RPV value had statistical difference between male and female（P＜0.001）. There was no significant difference in the value of RPV among different age groups (P >0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that RPV had linear regression relationship with height and weight, no relationship with age and sex. Using stepwise regression method can draw a formula: bilateral RPV (cm3)=3.264×body height(cm)+1.060×weight(kg)-335.909. Conclusions: The study suggests that NRPV in adult mainly relate to body height and weight, without direct relation to age and sex. There was no statistical difference between left and right RPV in adults. Bilateral RPV can be predicted by body height and weight regardless of age and sex.