永存三叉动脉的影像学分型特点及与后循环缺血的相关性研究

doi:10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2026.5.05

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中国临床解剖学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5) : 527-533. DOI: 10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2026.5.05

断层影像解剖

永存三叉动脉的影像学分型特点及与后循环缺血的相关性研究

陈娅，张蔚*

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Imaging classification characteristics of persistent trigeminal artery and its correlation with posterior circulation ischemia

Chen Ya, Zhang Wei*

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摘要

目的分析永存三叉动脉(Persistent trigeminal artery, PTA)影像学分型特征，探讨其与后循环缺血（Posterior circulation ischemia, PCI）的相关性及独立危险因素，为临床风险评估与干预提供依据。方法回顾性纳入63例经磁共振血管成像（MRA）确诊的PTA患者资料，分析影像分型、供血特征及与PCI的关系，筛选PCI独立危险因素。结果 39257例受检者PTA检出率0.16%；Weon分型Ⅰ型最多（35例，55.6%），Salas分型以外侧型为主（41例，65.1%）。合并基底动脉（BA）发育不良41例（65.8%），Ⅰ型占比最高；伴PCI 47例（74.6%），Ⅰ型发生率最高（91.4%）。多因素分析显示：吸烟、饮酒、高血压、高脂血症、高血糖、高同型半胱氨酸血症为PTA患者发生PCI的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 MRA可清晰地显示PTA解剖及分型，结合BA发育情况可评估PCI风险；管控上述危险因素对预防PTA患者继发PCI具有重要意义。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the imaging classification characteristics of persistent trigeminal artery (PTA), explore its correlation with posterior circulation ischemia (PCI), and identify the independent risk factors for PCI, so as to provide reference for clinical risk assessment and intervention. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 63 patients diagnosed with PTA by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were retrospectively collected. The imaging classification, blood supply patterns and their association with PCI were analyzed, and independent risk factors for PCI were determined by multivariate statistical analysis. Results The prevalence rate of PTA was 0.16% in a total of 39,257 subjects. Type Ⅰ was the most prevalent according to the Weon classification (35 cases, 55.6%), while the lateral type predominated under the Salas classification (41 cases, 65.1%). Basilar artery (BA) hypoplasia was observed in 41 patients (65.8%), with the highest proportion found in Type Ⅰ PTA. PCI occurred in 47 patients (74.6%), and the incidence was highest in Type Ⅰ (91.4%). Multivariate analysis showed that smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and hyperhomocysteinemia were independent risk factors for PCI in patients with PTA (P<0.05). Conclusions MRA can clearly display the anatomical morphology and classification of PTA. Combined the evaluation of BA developmental status helps to assess the risk of PCI. Strict management of these risk factors is critical for the prevention of secondary PCI in patients with PTA.

导出引用

陈娅, 张蔚. 永存三叉动脉的影像学分型特点及与后循环缺血的相关性研究[J]. 中国临床解剖学杂志. 2026, 44(5): 527-533 https://doi.org/10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2026.5.05

Chen Ya, Zhang Wei. Imaging classification characteristics of persistent trigeminal artery and its correlation with posterior circulation ischemia[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy. 2026, 44(5): 527-533 https://doi.org/10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2026.5.05

中图分类号： R322.121 R445.2

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