目的 观察肩锁韧带的形态特征，为肩锁关节损伤的外科治疗提供解剖学资料。 方法 85例结构完整的人肩关节标本，解剖并观察肩锁韧带的特征及变异；分别测量其后上束锁骨长轴与肩锁关节面的夹角ɑ、β。 结果 （1）根据后上束与前下束的分布情况，将肩锁韧带分为：①后上束覆盖肩锁关节上表面范围超过70%，前下束覆盖肩锁关节下表面范围超过50%，29例；②后上束覆盖肩锁关节上表面范围超过70%，前下束覆盖肩锁关节下表面范围低于50%，26例；③后上束覆盖肩锁关节上表面低于70%，前下束覆盖肩锁关节下表面范围低于50%，30例。（2）后上束与肩锁关节面的夹角ɑ为（61.5±8.9）°，关节倾角β为（70.1±6.5）°，ɑ与β无相关性（P>0.05）。 结论 肩锁韧带由后上束与前下束两部分组成，对肩锁韧带的分型，是对既往研究的补充；结合肩锁韧带的特征及变异，肩锁关节脱位进行解剖重建时，有助于提升治疗，减少手术并发症。
Abstract
Objective To observe the morphological characteristics of the acromioclavicular ligament (ACL), and provide useful information for the surgical repair of the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ). Methods A total of 85 upper limbs of human cadavers were dissected and the anatomical features of the ACL were noted. The angles between the supero-posterior bundle (SPB) and the long axis of the clavicle (ɑ), and between the SPB and ACJ facet (β) were measured. Results (1) According to the distributions of the SPB and anterio-inferior bundle (AIB), the ACL was classified into: ①In 29 cases, the SPB covered more than 70% of the superior facet of the ACJ for, while the AIB covered more than 50% of the inferior facet of the ACJ. ②In 26 cases, the SPB covered more than 70% of the superior facet of the ACJ r, while the AIB covered less than 50% of the inferior facet of the ACJ. ③ In 30 cases, the SPB covered less than 70% of the superior facet, while the AIB covered less than 50% of the inferior facet of the ACJ. (2) The angles between the posterosuperior bundle and the acromioclavicular joint surface (α), and the joint inclination were (61.5±8.9)°, and (70.1±6.5)°, respectively. There was no correlation between α and β (P>0.05). Conclusions The ACL consists of two parts: SPB and AIB. The classification of the ACL serves as a supplement to previous studies. Combining the characteristics and variations of the ACL, anatomical reconstruction for acromioclavicular joint dislocation can help improve treatment and reduce surgical complications.
关键词
肩锁韧带 /
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肩峰 /
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锁骨 /
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形态 /
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变异 /
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应用解剖
Key words
Acromioclavicular ligament /
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Acromion /
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Clavicle /
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Morphology /
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Variation /
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Applied anatomy
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