目的 开发一款效果优异、经济成本更低、刺激性更小的新型环保醇性固定液，并对其保存效果进行评估。 方法 采用特定比例的酒精、甘油、石碳酸、苯甲酸、三氯化铁、麝香草酚、氯化钠和香精配置一种新型固定液。采用新型固定液对12 只4 月龄、体重2000~2500 g的新西兰白兔尸体进行120 d固定，从细菌浓度、组织标本形态和经济性与传统固定液进行对比分析。对20 只7 至8 周龄、体重170~180 g雌性Wistar大鼠进行保存液刺激性实验，比较其与传统固定保存液的刺激性差异。 结果 新型环保醇性固定液与传统福尔马林固定液对比，前者固定起效时间长，标本表面霉变程度接近，上皮、肌肉组织形态维持效果好，抑菌程度相当，但刺激性小；价格低于其他大部分改良固定液。 结论 新型固定液刺激性低于传统福尔马林固定液，价格低于其他大部分改良固定液，固定能力与传统福尔马林固定液相同。
Abstract
Objective To develop a novel environmentally friendly alcoholic fixative with superior efficacy, lower economic cost, and reduced irritancy, and to evaluate its preservation effectiveness. Methods A new fixative was formulated using a specific proportion of alcohol, glycerin, phenol, benzoic acid, ferric chloride, thymol, sodium chloride, and fragrance. This novel fixative was used to fix the cadavers of 12 four-month-old New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2000-2500 g for 120 days. Comparative analyses were conducted with traditional fixatives in terms of bacterial concentration, tissue specimen morphology, and economy. Additionally, a preservative irritancy experiment was performed on 20 female Wistar rats aged 7 to 8 weeks and weighing 170-180 g, comparing the irritancy of the novel fixative with that of traditional preservatives. Results Compared with traditional formalin fixatives, the novel environmentally friendly alcoholic fixative exhibited a longer fixation onset time but similar surface moldiness. It maintained good morphology of epithelial and muscle tissues, had equivalent bacteriostatic properties, and was less irritant and less expensive than most other improved fixatives. Conclusions The novel fixative has lower irritancy than traditional formalin preservatives and a lower price than most other improved fixatives, while exhibiting equivalent fixative capabilities to traditional formalin fixatives.
关键词
无甲醛固定液 /
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标本固定 /
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固定效果 /
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乙醇
Key words
Formaldehyde-free fixative /
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Specimen fixation /
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Fixation effect /
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Ethanol
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基金
内蒙古自然科学基金（2020MS08124）；内蒙古自治区“草原英才”工程青年创新创业人才项目（2020）；内蒙古医科大学后续科研项目（2020）；内蒙古科技计划项目（2019GG115）；2021年内蒙古自治区蒙医药协同创新中心科学研究项目；内蒙古医科大学2021年度校级科研重点项目（YKD2021ZD001）；内蒙古教育厅高等学校创新团队发展计划（NMGIRT2227）；内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化项目（2022YFSH0066）
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