目的 采用生物学方法对掌骨骨折的3种固定方式进行力学分析，为临床应用提供实验数据支持。 方法 通过对掌骨骨折不同方式固定，进行三点弯曲实验及压缩实验，分别计算其抗弯刚度和压缩刚度，监测荷载-位移加载变化情况，比较不同固定方式的刚度差异。 结果 钛质锁定钢板（4/6枚螺钉）背侧固定术与标准交叉克氏针固定术比较，在三点弯曲实验（掌侧加压）中有显著性差异，在三点弯曲实验（外侧加压）及压缩实验中不存在显著性差异；钛质锁定钢板背侧固定术在三点弯曲实验及压缩实验中，锁定螺钉采用4枚或者6枚固定效果无显著性差异。 结论 掌骨骨折移位的主要力量来源于屈曲侧，背侧钢板固定术符合人体生物力学，是治疗掌骨不稳定骨折的最佳选择。
Abstract
Objective To conduct mechanical analysis on three different fixation methods for metacarpal fractures so as to provide experimental data for clinical application. Methods By applying different fixation methods for metacarpal fractures, conducting three-point bending tests and compression tests, the bending stiffness and compression stiffness were calculated respectively. The change of load-displacement loading was monitored. The stiffness of different fixation methods was compared. Results Compared with the standard cross Kirschner wire fixation method, the titanium locking plate (4/6 screws) posterior fixation showed a significant difference in the three-point bending test (palmar compression). There was no significant difference in the three-point bending test (lateral compression) and compression test. In the three-point bending test and compression test, there was no significant difference in the fixation effect between the titanium locking plate with 4 locking screws or 6 locking screws. Conclusions The main force causing the displacement of the metacarpal fracture comes from the flexion side, and the dorsal plate fixation is consistent with the biomechanics of the human body, which is the best choice for treating the metacarpal instability fracture.
关键词
生物力学分析 /
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掌骨骨折 /
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微型锁定钢板 /
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克氏针
Key words
Biomechanical analysis /
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Metacarpal fracture /
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Miniature locking steel plates /
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K-wire
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参考文献
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基金
深圳市龙华区医疗卫生机构区级科研项目（2022063）
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