目的　探讨单切口切开复位内固定（ORIF）治疗胫腓骨中远端骨折的手术方法及其疗效。  方法　2012 年 8 月～2014 年 8 月对40例胫腓骨中远端骨折的患者采用单切口ORIF的治疗方法，其中34 例闭合性骨折，6 例开放性骨折。  结果　对 40例患者平均随访时间18个月，发现骨折均预期愈合，切口均能一期闭合；3 例切口出现部分皮缘浅表干性坏死,予换药后痂皮自然脱落, 局部瘢痕愈合, 无感染发生。术后有4例患者由于术中牵拉出现了腓浅神经损伤的表现，但术后2~3个月后自然恢复。参照 Merchant 功能评定标准: 优28例，良 8 例，差 4例，优良率 90% 。   结论　单切口ORIF治疗胫腓骨中远端骨折损伤小，不影响骨折的愈合，其软组织覆盖以及血供均好于传统双切口, 降低了小腿皮肤软组织感染、坏死率，是一种可选择的手术入路。

Objective 　To investigate therapeutic effect of single incision and surgical methods for treatment of open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) fractures of the distal tibia and fibula.　Methods  August 2012 - August 2014 for treatment of single incision method by ORIF fractures of the distal tibia and fibula in 40 patients, including 34 cases of closed fractures, 6 cases of open fracture. 　Results　After a mean follow-up of 18 months, 40 patients were found to have fracture healed as expected and have primary closure of incision. Skin incision in 3 cases had developed superficial dry necrosis in the margin. The necrosis turned to scar after dressing change and fall off naturally without infection. Four patients developed manifestations of injury ofthe superficial peroneal nerve probably due to intraoperative traction, but natural recovery followed after 2~3 months. According to the standard Merchant function evaluation: the efficacy was excellent in 28 cases, good in 8 cases, poor in 4 cases.  The excellent and good rate was 90%.　Conclusion　Single incision ORIF of distal tibia fracture damage does not affect fracture healing. The soft tissue coverage and blood supply are better than the traditional two incisions, thus reducing the risk of infections and necrosis of the calf skin and soft tissue.  It is an alternative surgical approach.