心肌桥的形态特点与冠状动脉粥样硬化关系

中国临床解剖学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 524-526.

心肌桥的形态特点与冠状动脉粥样硬化关系

刘　云¹,　唐任宽²,　李剑波²

1. 川北医学院法医学系，四川南充 637000；　2.重庆医科大学法医学教研室，重庆 400016

收稿日期:2010-12-22 出版日期:2011-09-25 发布日期:2011-09-29
作者简介:刘　云（1974-）男，四川渠县人，法医学博士，副教授,主要从事法医学研究,Tel：(0817)2240083
基金资助:
四川省教育厅科研基金资助项目（2006B029）

Morphologic features of myocardial bridge and its relationship with coronary atherosclerosis

LIU Yun¹, TANG Ren-kuan², LI Jian-bo²

1. Department of Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000，China; 2. Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400016, China

Received:2010-12-22 Online:2011-09-25 Published:2011-09-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的　探讨心肌桥（MB）存在及与冠状动脉粥样硬化（AS）的关系。方法　回顾性分析在法医尸解中发现的87例心肌桥的形态特点与AS的关系。结果　MB检出率34.7％，并随年龄呈阶梯样增加，心肌桥主要出现在左冠状动脉前降支及右主干, 单个MB最多，占90.8％（79例）。MB桥前段发生AS有43.7％（38例），管腔狭窄程度大多在Ⅲ级以上占86.8％（33例）；桥后段有8％（7例）发生AS，管腔狭窄程度均在Ⅱ级以下，二者有统计学意义（P<0.05），桥下段无AS；存在AS的MB长度大多2.0cm以上。结论　大多数MB是解剖变异，随着年龄增加可导致桥前段和桥后段AS，桥前段更易发生AS。

关键词: 心肌桥, 大体检测, 冠状动脉, 动脉粥样硬化

Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the relationship of coronary myocardial bridge (MB) and the coronary atherosclerosis.　Methods　Pathological changes of coronary artery and morphologic features of MB from autopsy specimens were retrospectively analyzed.　Results　MB was detected in 87 speciemns from all 251 autopsy cases, especially in aged cases, with the detection rate of 34.7％. MBs were mainly found on the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery and right coronary artery. One bridge was found in 79 (90.8％) of these hearts. 38 MB cases（43.7%）appeared coronary atherosclerosis of the proximal segment of myocardial bridge，33 cases of them (86.8%) exceeded Ⅲ degree of stenosis. The atherosclerosis of the distal segment of myocardial bridge appeared in 7 cases (8%), with the stenosis degree of Ⅱ. No atherosclerosis appeared in the inferior segment of myocardial bridges. Usually the length of MB occurred atherosclerosis exceeded 20mm.　Conclusions　Myocardial bridges can be recognized as an anatomical variation of the human coronary circulation, in which an epicardial artery lies in the myocardium for part of its course. For aged people, it is easy to appear proximal and distal myocardial bridges, which are predilection site of atherosclerosis, especially the proximal segment.

Key words: Myocardial bridge, Macroscopic observations, Coronary artery, Atherosclerosis

中图分类号:

刘云, 唐任宽, 李剑波. 心肌桥的形态特点与冠状动脉粥样硬化关系[J]. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2011, 29(5): 524-526.

LIU Yun, TANG Lin-Kuan, LI Jian-Bei. Morphologic features of myocardial bridge and its relationship with coronary atherosclerosis[J]. Chinese Journal Of Clinical Anatomy, 2011, 29(5): 524-526.

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