目的 探讨斜坡及其相邻结构的解剖特点，为内镜下扩大经鼻入路手术切除斜坡和后颅窝腹侧病变提供指导。 方法 对6具尸体头部进行解剖学研究，血管予以红蓝硅胶填充，分别在显微镜及内镜下测量主要解剖学标志。 结果 岩尖上缘与展神经硬膜孔的距离为（3.51±0.62） mm，后床突与展神经硬膜孔的距离为（13.42±1.32） mm，展神经硬膜孔与舌咽神经距离为（21.53±1.73） mm，舌下神经管与舌咽神经距离为（25.62±2.24） mm，舌咽神经孔在咽结节尖端上方（3.73±0.54） mm，咽鼓管孔之间的横向距离为（23.14±1.15） mm。 结论 内镜扩大经鼻入路是手术治疗斜坡腹侧病变的可行性方法。
Abstract
Objective To introduce the main anatomical structures of clivus and its adjacent structures, so as to provide guidance for endoscopic expanded transnasal approach for the removal of lesions on the ventral side of clivus and posterior fossa. Methods Anatomical studies were conducted on the heads of six cadavers, with blood vessels filling with red and blue silicone. The main anatomical markers were collected and measured under a microscope and an endoscope, respectively. Results The vertical distance between the upper edge of petrous bone apex and dural foramen of abducens nerve was (3.51±0.62) mm. The distance between posterior clinoid process and dural foramen of abducens nerve was (13.42±1.32) mm, the distance between dural foramen of abducens nerve and glossopharyngeal nerve was (21.53±1.73) mm, and the distance between hypoglossal nerve canal and glossopharyngeal nerve was (25.62±2.24) mm. The glossopharyngeal nerve foramen were (3.73±0.54) mm above the tip of pharyngeal tubercle. The transverse distance between eustachian tube foramen was (23.14±1.15) mm. Conclusions Endoscopic extend transnasal approach is a feasible method for surgical treatment of ventral clival lesions.
关键词
经鼻内镜入路 /
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斜坡 /
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后颅窝 /
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颅底解剖
Key words
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Transnasal endoscopic approach /
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Clivus /
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Posterior cranial fossa /
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Skull base anatomy
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