目的    探讨大脑中央区浅静脉的显微解剖与数字减影血管造影（DSA）的观察情况及临床意义。  方法    回顾性分析2020年9月至2023年3月在菏泽市立医院行头数字减影血管造影（DSA）检查的50例（100侧）患者的影像学资料, 观测大脑中央区浅静脉的形态构成、走行路径、并测量其管径。将20具（40侧）尸头标本的动、静脉分别使用红、蓝色乳胶进行灌注，显微镜下观测中央区浅静脉的形态构成、走行路径、并测量其管径。然后将两者的结果进行比较。  结果    DSA图像显示中央区浅静脉构成有6型：①中央前静脉型, ②Trolard静脉型, ③中央沟静脉型, ④中央后静脉型, ⑤混合型, ⑥中央区浅静脉缺如型。中央前静脉管径：左(3.84±1.24) mm，右(3.68±1.43) mm；中央沟静脉管径：左(4.12±1.11) mm，右(4.03±1.16) mm； Trolard静脉管径：左(1.12±0.41) mm，右(1.21±0.48) mm；中央后静脉管径：左(1.07±0.78) mm，右(1.14±0.67) mm。显微解剖观察发现20具 （40侧）标本中，中央区浅静脉共有5型：①中央前静脉型，②中央沟静脉型，③混合型，④Trolard静脉型, ⑤中央后静脉型。中央前静脉管径：左(3.79±1.04) mm，右为(3.51±0.97) mm；中央沟静脉管径：左(4.02±1.07) mm，右(3.93±1.03) mm； Trolard静脉管径：左(1.06±0.61)mm, 右(1.13±0.59) mm；中央后静脉管径：左(1.45±0.44) mm, 右为(1.72±0.75) mm。 两种方法所测量的管径大小的差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。  结论    显微解剖、影像学显影发现大脑中央区浅静脉的形态构成和回流位置是多种多样的。显微解剖及临床影像学资料，均能为神经外科医师提供较详细的中央区浅静脉的形态学信息，有利于手术医师的术前计划。

Objective    To investigate the observation and clinical significance of microanatomy and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of the central cerebral superficial veins.   Methods    The imaging data of 50 patients (100 sides) who were examined by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in Heze Municipal Hospital from September 2020 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and the morphological structure and reflux position of the superficial cerebral veins in the brain central region were observed, and the diameter of the tubes were measured. Red and blue latex were used to infuse the arteries and veins of 20 (40 sides) cadaveric head specimens, and the composition, morphology, and course of the central superficial veins were observed under the microscope, and the diameter of the tubes were measured. The two results were then compared.    Results   Six types of central superficial veins were observed in DSA images: (1) anterior central vein type, (2) Trolard vein type, (3) central sulci vein type, (4) posterior central vein type, (5) mixed type, (6) absent central superficial vein type. The diameter of the anterior central vein was (3.84±1.24) mm on the left and (3.68±1.43) mm on the right. The diameter of the central sulcus vein was (4.12±1.11) mm on the left and (4.03±1.16) mm on the right. The venous tube diameter of Trolard was (1.12±0.41) mm on the left and (1.21±0.48) mm on the right. The diameter of the posterior central vein was (1.07±0.78) mm on the left and (1.14±0.67) mm on the right. The microanatomical observation of 20 cases (40 sides) showed that the central superficial veins were divided into five types: (1) anterior central vein type, (2) central sulcus vein type, (3) mixed type, (4) Trolard vein type and (5) posterior central vein type. Anterior central vein diameter: left (3.79±1.04) mm; Right was (3.51±0.97) mm. The left diameter of central sulci vein was (4.02±1.07) mm; the right was (3.93±1.03) mm. The left diameter of Trolard venous tube was (1.06±0.61) mm. The right was (1.13±0.59) mm. The left diameter of the posterior central vein was (1.45±0.44) mm, the right was (1.72±0.75) mm. There was no significant difference in pipe diameter between the two methods (all P>0.05).  Conclusions The microanatomy and imaging showed that the morphological structure and reflux position of the superficial veins in the central region of the brain were varied. Both microanatomy and clinical imaging data can provide more detailed morphological information of the central superficial vein for neurosurgeons, which is conducive to the preoperative planning of surgeons.