目的 三维数字化研究0~18岁人的骶骨形态与耻骨联合位置在不同年龄段及性别间的变化规律，为制定符合未成年人骶骨发育特征的摄影体位、优化骶骨X线图像及诊断提供参考。 方法 将收集到的0~18岁全腹部CT分为0~6岁、7~12岁、13~18岁3个年龄组，导入mimics21.0，利用三维数字化图像重组技术测量骶骨倾斜角（sacral slope，SS）、骶1~2倾斜角（S1~2 T）、骶骨后凸角（sacral kyphosis，SK）、S2椎体前缘与骶4尾1倾斜线夹角（α角）、S1上终板与S2椎体前缘夹角（β角）、S4 Co1倾斜线与S1上终板夹角（θ角）、耻骨联合上缘与骶骨下缘连线和躯体长轴垂线之间的夹角（角B），比较各参数在不同性别、年龄段间的差异。 结果 骶骨解剖学参数性别间比较，角B女性大于男性（P<0.001），其余无统计学差异；年龄组间比较，0~6岁组与13~18岁组SS、SK、α、β、θ，以及7~12岁组与13~18岁组SS差异有统计学意义，其余无统计学差异。 结论 未成年人生长发育过程中骶骨形态无性别差异，女性骶骨下缘与耻骨联合上缘所成角度大于男性。随年龄增长未成年人骶骨上端倾斜程度逐渐增加，骶骨下端倾斜程度逐渐减小。为获得更加清晰的骶骨影像，需根据性别、年龄调整X线入射角度。
Abstract
Objective To provide basic reference for the formulation of photographic positions in line with the characteristics of sacral development of minors, optimization of sacral X-ray images and diagnosis of diseases by investigating the change rules of sacral morphology parameters and pubic symphysis position of minors aged 0~18 years in different age groups and genders. Methods The collected total abdominal CT scans from 0 to 18 years old were divided into 3 age groups according to age: 0 to 6 years old, 7 to 12 years old, and 13 to 18 years old. The data was imported by mimics 21.0 and 3D digital image reconstruction technology was used to analyze sacral slope (SS), sacral 1-2 inclination Angle (S1~2T), sacral kyphosis Angle (sacral kyphosis, SK), S2 anterior margin and Sacro4 caudal-1 tilt line Angle (α Angle), S1 upper endplate and S2 anterior margin Angle (β Angle), S4Co1 oblique line and S1 upper endplate Angle (θ Angle), the line between the pubic union and the lower margin of the sacrum and the Angle between the vertical line of the long axis of the body (Angle B). The parameters in different genders and ages were compared. Results Angle B of sacral morphometry was greater in females than in males, and there was no significant difference in other parameters. There were significant differences in SS, SK, α, β, θ between 0~6 years old and 13~18 years old, and between 7~12 years old and 13~18 years old, but no significant differences in other age groups. Conclusions There was no gender difference in sacral morphology during the growth and development of juveniles. The Angle between the lower sacral margin and the superior symphysis of pubis is greater in juvenile females than in males. With the increasing of age, the degree of sacral tilt increased gradually, the degree of lower sacral tilt decreased. In order to obtain a clearer image of the sacrum the X-ray incidence Angle should be adjusted according to gender, age, and examination purpose.
关键词
未成年人； /
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骶骨形态； /
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耻骨联合； /
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三维数字化测量
Key words
Minors; /
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Sacral morphology; /
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Pubic symphysis; /
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Three-dimensional digital measurement
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基金
内蒙古自治区研究生科研创新项目（2023）；内蒙古自治区卫生健康科技项目（202201188）；内蒙古自然科学基金（2021MS08086）；内蒙古医科大学“成果转化”项目（YKD2020CGZH009）；2021年内蒙古医科大学致远人才项目；内蒙古教育厅高等学校创新团队发展计划（NMGIRT2227）；内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目（2023YFHH0003）
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