关键词: 踇趾腓侧趾背动脉, 　甲床瓣, 　显微解剖, 　组织瓣移植

Abstract: Objective　To provide anatomic basis for the clinical design of the pedicle flap of the fibular branch of first dorsal digital artery.　Methods　Fifteen fresh foot specimens （The left side was 6 cases, the right side was 9 cases, 11 males and 4 females）were used for red latex infusion. The origins, flowing patterns, distribution patterns and characteristics of the fibular branch of first dorsal digital artery of the great toe were analyzed.　Results　The fibular branch of first dorsal digital artery of the great toe was found. According to the origin, it was divided into 3 types:  Type I. The fibular branch of first dorsal digital artery of the great toe was released from the inside of the first dorsal metatarsal artery for 9 cases which was accounting for 60.00 %, with the initial diameter ( 1.21±0.34. ) mm;  Type II, The fibular branch of first dorsal digital artery in the proximal phalanx was originated from the lateral of the plantar artery on fibular side of great toe for 3 cases,which was accounting for 20.00 %, with the initial diameter (1.13 ± 0.26) mm;  Type III, The fibular branch of first dorsal digital artery was distributed by the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the plantar artery on fibular side of great toe in the proximal phalanx for 3 cases which was accounting for 20.00 %. According to the branch thickness, the type III can be divided into three subtypes: Type IIIa, 1 case,The branch of the first dorsal metatarsal artery was preponderance, accounting for 6.67%, the diameter of the branch of the first dorsal metatarsal artery at starting point was 0.82 mm, and the diameter of the branch of the plantar artery on fibular side of great toe at the starting point was 0.53 mm. Type IIIb, 1 case The branch of the plantar artery on fibular side of great toe was preponderance, accounting for 6.67. %, the diameter of the branch of the first dorsal metatarsal artery at starting point was 0.51 mm, the diameter of the branch of the plantar artery on fibular side of great toe at the starting point was 0.71 mm; Type IIIc, 1 case the branch of the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the branch of the plantar artery on fibular side of great toe were isometrically (generally contracted), accounting for 6.67%, the diameter of the branch of the first dorsal metatarsal artery at starting point was 0.41mm, and the diameter of the branch of the plantar artery on fibular side of great toe at the starting point was 0.43mm. All types of the fibular branch of first dorsal digital artery extended into the nail bed, and there were skin branches to nourish the upper nail and the temporal side.　Conclusions　The pedicle flap of the fibular branch of first dorsal digital artery is easy to be transplant and repair the nail bed defect. This procedure has the advantages of reliable blood supply, no sacrifice of main blood vessels, safe cutting, and nutritional nerves.

Key words: The fibular branch of first dorsal digital artery, 　Nailbed flap, 　Microscopic anatomy, Tissue transplantation ,