提高血流切应力对老年大鼠后肢侧支血管生长的作用
The effect of elevated shear stress on collateral vessel growth of aged rats
目的 利用老年大鼠股动脉结扎加股动静脉吻合和单纯股动脉结扎的侧支血管生长模型探讨提高血流切应力对老年大鼠侧支血管生长的作用。 方法 老年SD大鼠（24月龄）30只，分为假手术组，结扎组和吻合组。结扎组大鼠行股动脉结扎手术，吻合组大鼠行股动脉结扎加股动静脉吻合手术。大鼠术后存活1周，每组5只大鼠取后肢带侧支血管的肌肉做冰冻切片用于免疫荧光组织化学法检测eNOS，Ki67和MMP2的表达；另外5只使用明胶四氧化三铅进行血管造影再用X线拍照观察侧支血管的生长情况。 结果 与假手术组相比，结扎组的大鼠后肢侧支血管数量增多（P<0.01），Ki67阳性细胞数量增多（P<0.01），eNOS的表达显著增强（P<0.001），MMP2的表达也有所增强（P<0.05）。吻合组与结扎组相比，大鼠的后肢侧支血管数量进一步增多（P<0.01），Ki67阳性细胞数量明显增多（P<0.01），eNOS的表达显著增强（P<0.001），MMP2的表达也明显增强（P<0.01）。 结论 提高血流切应力能促进老年大鼠缺血后肢侧支血管生长。
Objective To investigate the effect of elevated shear stress on collateral vessel growth of aged rats by comparing the model induced by femoral artery ligation with femoral arteriovenous anastomosis and collateral vessel growth model with simple femoral artery ligation. Methods 30 aged (24 months) rats were divided into sham group, ligation group and arteriovenous anastomosis group. The rats in the ligation group underwent femoral artery ligation, and the rats in the anastomosis group were subjected to femoral artery ligation and femoral arteriovenous anastomosis. The animals survived for 1 week after surgery. 5 rats in each group were taken to isolate the muscle with collateral vessels of the hindlimb for immunohistochemical for detecting expression of eNOS, Ki67 and MMP2; the other 5 rats were used for angiography, after which X-ray photography was performed to observe the growth of collateral vessels. Results Compared with the sham operated group, the number of collateral vessels increased in the ligation group (P<0.01), the number of Ki67-positive cells increased (P<0.01), and so as the expression of eNOS (P<0.001) and MMP2 (P<0.05). Compared with the ligation group, the number of collateral vessels in femoral artery ligation with femoral arteriovenous anastomosis group was increased（P<0.01）, the number of Ki67-positive cells increased significantly (P<0.01), which was the same with the expression of eNOS (P<0.001) and MMP2 (P<0.01). Conclusion Elevated shear stress can promote the growth of collateral vessels in the ischemic hindlimb of aged rats.
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国家自然科学基金（81370248，81500377）；湖南省教育厅一般项目（16C0163）
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