目的　对腕背侧深层神经血管来源、走行及分布进行解剖，探讨神经血管损伤与腕背痛的关系，为临床诊治腕背痛提供解剖学基础。  方法　在头戴式放大镜下，对10具尸体标本20侧上肢进行了腕背侧深层神经血管来源、走行及分布进行大体解剖并测量相关数据。  结果　腕背侧深层神经来源于骨间后神经终末支，经过第4骨纤维管道后分布至腕关节背侧；血管来源于骨间前动脉终末支，骨间前动脉在旋前方肌上缘穿前臂骨间膜至前臂后面，终末支最终分为桡侧和尺侧分支，分别经过第4和第5骨纤维管道分布至腕背侧深层，而桡侧分支在穿经第4骨纤维管道时与骨间后神经终末支伴行，尺侧分支单独穿过第5骨纤维管道。  结论　明确腕背侧深层神经血管分布、来源及走行，对腕背痛的预防、诊断、治疗具有重要临床意义。

　Objective　The origin, course and distribution of deep neurovascular structures in the dorsal side of the wrist were dissected to explore the relationship between neurovascular injury and wrist dorsal pain, and to provide anatomical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of wrist dorsal pain.　Methods　Under the head-mounted magnifying glass, the origin, couse and distribution of deep neurovascular structures in the dorsal side of 10 cadavers were studied on 20 sides of the upper limbs, and the relevant data were measured.　Results　The deep dorsal nerve of the wrist derived from the terminal branch of the posterior interosseous nerve, traveled through the fourth osseofibrous tunnel, and then distributed to the dorsal side of the wrist. The artery  derived from the terminal branch of the anterior interosseous artery. The anterior interosseous artery went through the anterior interosseous membrane of the arm to the back of the forearm. the terminal branch divided into the radial and ulnar branch, went through the fourth and fifth osseofibrous canal, respectively and distributed to the dorsal side of the wrist. The radial branch was associated with the posterior interosseous nerve endings in the fourth osseofibrous canal. The ulnar branch passed alone through the fifth osseofibrous canal.    Conclusion　It is of great significance to prevent, diagnose and treat pain of dorsal wrist by having a thorough understanding of the anatomy of deep neurovascular structures in dorsal aspect of the wrist.