目的　评价超声引导下髂筋膜间隙神经阻滞在膝关节手术的术后镇痛效果。   方法　60例择期膝关节置换手术患者，随机分为对照组（A组）和试验组（B组），每组30例。两组患者均在全麻下完成手术，B组术前在超声引导下行髂筋膜间隙神经阻滞，A组不予任何处理。记录术后6、12、24 h患者静息与活动时VAS疼痛评分及24 h内镇痛药补充给予人次、不良反应发生率、患者满意度评分。   结果　A组患者术后6、12、24 h VAS评分及24 h内镇痛药补充给予人次明显大于B组（P＜0.05）；其不良反应发生率高于B组但无统计学意义；A组患者满意度评分明显低于B组（P＜0.05）。   结论　超声引导下髂筋膜间隙神经阻滞应用于膝关节手术，术后镇痛效果确切，不良反应少，患者舒适满意，是一种安全有效的镇痛方式。

Objective　To research the efficacy of postoperative analgesia with ultrasound guided fascia iliaca compartment nerve block used in arthroscopically-assisted knee operation.　Method　Sixty patients undergoing arthroscopically-assisted knee operation were divided randomly into two groups of thirty: a normal group (A, n=30) and a research group (B, n=30). All of the patients were operated undergeneral anesthesia. Patients in group B received ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block before operation and patients in group A were received none. the analgesia effect (VAS) on postoperative 6h,12h, 24h and analgesia drugs consumption, incidence of side effects, degree of comfort in 24 hours after operation in all patients were observed.　Results　Compared with group A，analgesic effect was significantly better with less extra drugs consumption and higher degree of comfort in group B. Group B had fewer complications but no statistical difference was detected.　Conclusion　Ultrasound guided fascia iliaca compartment nerve blockused in arthroscopically-assisted knee operation can bring better postoperative analgesia and reduce the adverse effects. It can make patients feel comfortable.