目的　通过256层螺旋CT血管成像技术观察胆囊动脉正常解剖、起源变异，研究其对胆囊切除术前评估的临床意义。  方法　回顾性分析215例在我院行上腹部增强CT扫描或CTA血管造影患者的影像资料。观察胆囊动脉的起源、测量胆囊动脉横径、起源距离。   结果　215例胆囊动脉中大多数是单支型，其中两支型胆囊动脉4例，共计219支胆囊动脉，男128支，女91支。正常起源于肝右动脉183支，占83.6%；起源变异36支，占16.4%。胆囊动脉正常起源和起源变异在不同性别间均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。对183支正常起源于肝右动脉的胆囊动脉起源距离测量，男106支，平均（33.15±11.75）mm，女77支，平均（27.54±12.94）mm，胆囊动脉正常起源距离在不同性别间具有显著差异（P <0.05）。胆囊动脉横径测量，男106支，平均（1.95±0.34）mm，女77支，平均（1.92±0.34）mm，正常起源胆囊动脉横径在不同性别间无显著差异(P>0.05)。  结论　256层螺旋CT能明确观察胆囊动脉的正常解剖及起源变异，为胆囊术前做好评估，提供参考资料。

Objective　To study the clinical significance of the preoperative evaluation of the gallbladder by observing normal anatomy and origin variance of the gallbladder artery via 256 slice spiral CT angiography.　Methods　A retrospective analysis of imaging data of 215 cases of patients with upper abdominal enhanced CT scan or CTA angiography in our hospital was performed. Through observation of the origin of the gallbladder artery, its transverse diameter and origin distance could be measured.　Results　219 branches of gallbladder arteries in 215 cases were totally counted, including 128 in men and 91 in women, which mainly resulted from single-branch type in most cases and double-branch type in only 4 cases. And 183 branches normally originated from the right hepatic artery, accounting for 83.6%, while 36 branches had the origin variation, accounting for 16.4%. There was no significant difference in the normal origin and the origin variance of the gallbladder artery in different genders (P＞0.05). Of the 183 branches with normal origin of the gallbladder artery in the right hepatic artery,106 were in male while 77 were in female; and in terms of the origin distance, the average data was (33.15±11.75) mm and (27.54±12.94) mm in male and female, respectively. It showed a significant difference in the normal origin distance of the gallbladder artery in different genders (P<0.05). In the transverse diameter of the gallbladder artery, the relevant data were (1.95±0.34)mm in male and (1.92±0.34) mm in female, respectively. There was no significant difference in the transverse diameter of the normal gallbladder artery origin in different genders (P>0.05).　Conclusion　The 256 slice spiral CT could clearly observe the normal anatomy and its origin variance of the gallbladder artery so as to provide reference data for the gallbladder preoperative evaluation.