目的　为减少甲醛防腐剂对人体造成的危害，研制新型改良甲醛遗体防腐剂EM1。   方法　通过甲醛释放量检测、细菌定量杀灭试验与真菌杀灭试验、实验室大鼠注射防腐实验、殡仪馆遗体防腐现场实验，考察遗体防腐剂的消毒、防腐效果。   结果　EM1防腐剂甲醛释放量为常规防腐剂的35.7%；能有效杀灭金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌等微生物；使用EM1进行注射防腐的大鼠可保存30d，且比Dodge处理的大鼠更接近活体状态；室温下对遗体的有效防腐率达95%以上。   结论　EM1防腐剂具有毒性低、防腐固定效果好、所保存的标本收缩率小、色泽接近活体状态等特点，可防止病原微生物的滋生传播，控制组织自溶、腐败的发展，利于医学解剖科研或殡仪馆遗体防腐保存。

Objective　To reduce the harm of formaldehyde-containing preservatives to the health of staff, a new improved preservative, EM1, was developed, which has lower concentration of formaldehyde.Methods　By means of formaldehyde release test, bacterial quantitative germicidal test and fungus germicidal test, laboratory rat injection antisepsis test, and a field test on cadavers in funeral home, the disinfection and antiseptic effect of EM1 was investigated.　Results　EM1 showed lower formaldehyde release as 35.7% of formal antiseptic; it could effectively kill Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and other microorganisms; it could help the dead rats injected with EM1 staying for 30 days, and the morphology of which was closer tothe alive condition in comparison with that of the Dodge-treated rats; the effective embalming rate of cadaver was above 95%at room temperature.　Conclusions　This improved preservative EM1 has the characteristics of low toxicity, good antiseptic and fixed effect. Furthermore, the embalmed specimens shrink little, and almost show the living condition. By effectively controlling the spread of pathogenic microorganisms, the development of corruption and autolysis of remains, EM1 can do contribution to anatomy research and embalming for funeral.