窦汇区影像解剖的虚拟现实技术研究
The imaging study of torcular Herophili region with virtual reality technology
目的 探讨虚拟现实（Virtual reality, VR）技术观察颅内窦汇（Torcular herophili, TH）区解剖及变异的价值。 方法 对45例未累及TH区结构的颅内脑膜瘤患者，以及21例三叉神经痛或面肌痉挛患者，行3D CE-MRV检查，再在VR工作站重建TH，观察其构成及引流特点。 结果 根据上矢状窦（Superior sagittal sinus，SSS）、直窦（Straight sinus，StS）和双侧横窦(Transverse sinus，TS)的吻合关系，TH区VR解剖形态分为3型：Ⅰ型18例，Ⅱ型15例，Ⅲ型33例。根据SSS汇入TS的方式分为4型：Ⅰ型18例，Ⅱ型26例，Ⅲ型17例，Ⅳ型5例。根据StS汇入TS的方式分为4型：Ⅰ型18例，Ⅱ型23例，Ⅲ型7例，Ⅳ型18例。TS引流优势表现为右侧为主25例，左侧为主9例，基本相等32例。 结论 TH区解剖变异性较大，VR技术是观察TH区解剖的有效方法，有助于了解TH区的解剖和引流特点，对临床诊断及TH区手术有指导意义。
Objective To investigate the value of virtual reality (VR) technology on the anatomy and variation of intracranial torcular Herophili (TH) region. Methods Subjects registered were 45 patients with intracranial meningioma which did not involve TH and 21 patients with trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm. All participants were examined by complete three dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance venography，which was then used to reconstruct TH in the VR workstation to observe the composition and drainage characteristics. Results According to the relationship among the superior sagittal sinus(SSS)，straight sinus(StS) and bilateral transverse sinus(TS)，the VR anatomy of TH region can be classified into three types: typeⅠ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ, with 18, 15, and 33 cases in each type, respectively. According to the way of the SSS drained into the TS, it can be divided into four types: typeⅠ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ were 18, 26,17 and 5 cases, respectively. According to the way of StS drained into the TS, it can be divided into four types as well: typeⅠ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, with 18, 23, and 7 and 18 cases in each type, respectively. The right TS was the dominated pathway for drainage in 25 cases, left TS was the dominated pathway in 9 cases. In the remaining 32 cases, TS in both sides played equal roles. Conclusion Although the variability of the anatomy of TH region is great , it is effective to observe the anatomy of TH region using VR, which can contribute to understanding the anatomy and drainage characteristics of TH region and has great significance on the clinical diagnosis and the operation at TH region.
Torcular Herophili / Anatomy / Three dimensional reconstruction / Virtual reality
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