目的　为临床游离移植趾背动脉皮瓣修复手部创面提供解剖学基础。  方法　采用经福尔马林固定经红色乳胶灌注的足部标本10例，足部铸型标本20例，观察母趾趾背动脉的起始、走行规律、分布情况，血管口径，并对皮瓣支配神经及静脉回流进行解剖分析。  结果　母趾趾背动脉外径（0.8±0.2）mm。根据趾背动脉起始、口径、供血范围不同进行分型：Ⅰ型：从第1跖背动脉发出，占67%（20例）。Ⅱ型：第1跖背动脉同时发出母趾腓侧趾动脉和趾背动脉，占23%（7例）。Ⅲ型：母趾腓侧趾底动脉发出或缺如,占10%（3例）。  结论　母趾背动脉较粗，分支分布、血管神经分布恒定，设计游离的母趾趾背动脉皮瓣具有解剖学可行性。

Objective　To provide anatomical basis for using the first toe dorsi-artery free skin flap to reconstruct tissue defects of hand in clinic.　Methods　Using the 10 embalmed foot specimens with perfusion of red latex, 20 corrosive vascular cast of foot were used for investigation of the origin, distribution, caliber of the dorsal digital artery of the first toe. The innervations and venous drainage of the area supplied the artery were explored.    Results　The diameter of the first dorsal artery of the first toe was the (0.8± 0.2) mm. Three patterns of the artery can be observed. In pattern I, the artery was given off from the form first dorsal metatarsal artery. Which could be observed in 20 cases, accounting for 67%; In pattern II, the artery and the lateral metatarsal artery of the first toe were simultaneously given off from the first dorsal metatarsal artery, which could be observed in 7 cases, accounting for 23%; In pattern III, the artery was given off from the lateral metatarsal artery or absent, which could be observed in 3 cases, accounting for 10%.    Conclusion    The first toe dorsi-arterical is large in diameter, consistent in origin, distribution, innervation. The free flap based on has strong anatomical basis.