Objective　To explore the relationship of arterial vascular caliber and flap survival area of skin flap.    Methods    Bilateral hind limbs of adult dogs were used to make flap model pedicled with perforating branches of saphenous neurocutaneous vessels. The diameters of the pedicled arterial vessel were measured. On one side, the flap survival at different time points were measured and compared, as well, another side was perfused black ink for measure the proportion of perfusion.　Results　The diameter of perforating branches of peroneal artery on the medial malleolus was (1.0±0.1) mm, and the flap area (287.0±44.2) cm2. The survival area was  about (287.0±44.2) cm2, which accounted for (55.9±9.1)% of the total flap area. The perfusion imaging area was (168.2±16.4) cm2, which accounted for (59.9±10.0)%.　Conclusions　The survival of the flap will be supported by the wide vessels, abundant blood flow, and extensive blood supply scope. By evaluating perfusion area, the pedicled vessels and corresponding flap survival can be estimated.