Objective To measure bony structure of adult radial head, register three-dimensionally the bilateral radial heads and analyze the correlation of factors including age, gender and BMI. Methods Three-dimensional CT data of both elbows were collected from 53 normal volunteers, consisting of 22 females and 31 males, with an average age of (34.2±8.1) years, excluding those with abnormal bony structures. The radiological data were transferred to the MIMICS 21.0 software in DICOM format. The measurements included the maximum diameter (D1max) and the minimum diameter (D1min) of the lateral edge of the bilateral radial heads, the maximum diameter (D2max) and the minimum diameter (D2min) of the medial edge, the height of the radial head (H), the radius of curvature (r), and the neck-shaft angle (a). Further, three-dimensional registration of bilateral radial heads was conducted to evaluate the differences in the stereo structure of both sides. The effects of age, sex and BMI on the structural differences of bilateral radial heads were analyzed. Results For all patients, the left D1max, D1min, D2max, D2min, H, r, and a were (23.13±2.20) mm, (21.76±2.15) mm, (17.68±2.03) mm, (16.62±1.80) mm, (11.13±0.9) mm, (11.61±1.09) mm, and (167.78±2.25)° respectively. For the right side, the values were (23.28±2.12) mm, (21.87±2.15) mm, (18.28±1.83) mm, (16.93±1.77) mm, (11.32±1.33) mm, (11.53±0.89) mm, and (167.81±2.31)° respectively. There was significant difference in D2max between the bilateral radial heads (P=0.027), but the average difference was less than 2 mm and not clinically significant. There were no significant differences in other anatomical parameters between both sides. Correlation analysis showed that age, gender and BMI were not the influencing factors of structural differences. Conclusions In the normal population, there are no significant differences in the osseous structure of the bilateral radial heads, and no significant correlation among age, gender or BMI. Therefore, the osseous structure of one radial head can be used to construct an anatomical template for the opposite radial head.
Key words
Radial head /
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3D CT /
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Anatomy /
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Registration
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