Progress on anatomy and clinical application of internal thoracic artery and its perforator 

LU yan-xue, LUO Sheng-kang

Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5) : 597-599.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5) : 597-599. DOI: 10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2019.05.025

Progress on anatomy and clinical application of internal thoracic artery and its perforator 

  • LU yan-xue1, 2,  LUO Sheng-kang1, 2
Author information +
History +

Cite this article

Download Citations
LU yan-xue, LUO Sheng-kang. Progress on anatomy and clinical application of internal thoracic artery and its perforator [J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy. 2019, 37(5): 597-599 https://doi.org/10.13418/j.issn.1001-165x.2019.05.025

References

[1] van Deventer PV, Graewe FR. The blood supply of the breast revisited[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 137(5): 1388-1397.
[2] Tebbetts JB. Augmentation mammaplasty[M]. Amsterdam: Edinburgh inc, 2010: 69-88.
[3] Oki K, Murakami M, Tanuma K, et al. Anatomical study of pectoral intercostal perforators and clinical study of the pectoral intercostal perforator flap for hand reconstruction[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2009, 123(6): 1789-1800.
[4] Wong C, Saint-Cyr M, Rasko Y, et al. Three- and four-dimensional arterial and venous perforasomes of the internal mammary artery perforator flap[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2009, 124(6): 1759-1769.
[5] Gillis JA, Prasad V, Morris SF. Three-dimensional analysis of the internal mammary artery perforator flap[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 128(5): 419e-426e.
[6]  Last RJ. Anatomy, regional and applied (3rd ed)[M]. London: J & A Churchill Ltd, 1963: 216-232.
[7] Cook JA, Tholpady SS, Momeni A, et al. Predictors of internal mammary vessel diameter: a computed tomographic angiography-assisted anatomic analysis[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2016, 69(10): 1340-1348.
[8]  Lee CD, Butterworth J, Stephens RE, et al. Location of the internal mammary vessels for microvascular autologous breast reconstruction: the "1-2-3 rule"[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2018, 142(1): 28-36.
[9]  Chang EI, Chang EI, Soto-Miranda MA, et al. Demystifying the use of internal mammary vessels as recipient vessels in free flap breast reconstruction[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2013, 132(4): 763-768.
[10]Hefel L, Schwabegger A, Ninković,M, et al. Internal mammary vessels: anatomical and clinical considerations[J]. Br J Plast Surg, 1995, 48(8): 527-532.
[11]Lhuaire M, Hivelin M,  Dramé M, et al. Determining the best recipient vessel site for autologous microsurgical breast reconstruction with DIEP flaps: an anatomical study[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2017, 70(6): 781-791.
[12]Cai J, Zhou Y. Application of "CD-4" theory for determining the width of implant in breast augmentation[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2015, 128(4): 489-492.
[13]Glassberg RM, Sussman SK, Glickstein MF. CT anatomy of the internal mammary vessels: importance in planning percutaneous transthoracic procedures[J]. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1990, 155(2): 397-400.
[14]Kim DH, Kim CW, Lee JW, et al. Distribution of internal thoracic artery perforators: a clinical anatomical study[J]. Clin Anat, 2018, 13(11): 101-102.
[15] Hall-Findlay EJ, Shestak KC. Breast reduction[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2015, 136(4): 531e-544e.
[16] Palmer JH, Taylor GI. The vascular territories of the anterior chest wall[J]. Br J Plast Surg, 1986, 39(3): 287-299.
[17]孙家明, 乔群, 张海林, 等. 女性乳房的血管构筑研究及其临床意义[J]. 中国临床解剖学杂志, 2004, 22(4): 337-339.
[18] van Deventer PV, Graewe FR. Enhancing pedicle safety in mastopexy and breast reduction procedures: the posteroinferomedial pedicle, retaining the medial vertical ligament of würinger[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2010, 126(3): 786-793.
[19] Stirling AD, Murray CP, Lee MA. The arterial supply of the nipple areola complex (NAC) and its relations: an analysis of angiographic CT imaging for breast pedicle design[J]. Surg Radiol Anat, 2017, 39(10): 1127-1134.
[20] Zheng H, Su Y, Zheng M, et al. Computed tomographic angiography-based characterization of source blood vessels for nipple-areola complex perfusion in hypertrophic breasts[J]. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2017, 41(3): 524-530.
[21] Weiner DL, Aiache AE, Silver L, et al. A single dermal pedicle for nipple transposition in subcutaneous mastectomy, reduction mammaplasty, or mastopexy[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1973, 51(2): 115-120.
[22] Lejour M, Abboud M, Declety A, et al. Reduction of mammaplasty scars: from a short inframammary scar to a vertical scar[J]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet, 1990, 35(5): 369-379.
[23] Lassus C. A 30-year experience with vertical mammaplasty[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1996, 97(2): 373-380.
[24]Finger RE, Vasquez B, Drew GS. Superomedial pedicle technique of  reduction mammaplasty[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1989,83(3):471-480.
[25]Chiari A, Nunes TA, Grotting JC, et al. Breast sensitivity before and after the L short-scar mammaplasty[J]. Aesthet Plast Surg, 2012, 36(1): 105-114.
[26] Fujino T, Harasina T, Aoyagi F. Reconstruction for aplasia of the breast and pectoral region by microvascular transfer of a free flap from the buttock[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1975, 56(2): 178-181.
[27]Shaw WW. Breast reconstruction by superior gluteal microvascular free flaps without silicone implants[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1983, 72(4): 490-501.
[28] Majumder S, Batchelor AG. Internal mammary vessels as recipients for free TRAM breast reconstruction: aesthetic and functional considerations[J]. Br J Plast Surg, 1999, 52(4): 286-289.
[29] Schmidt M, Aszmann OC, Beck H, et al. The anatomic basis of the internal mammary artery perforator flap: a cadaver study[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2010, 63(2): 191-196.
[30] Temple CL, Strom EA, Youssef A, et al. Choice of recipient vessels in delayed TRAM flap breast reconstruction after radiotherapy[J]. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2005, 115(1): 105-113.
[31]O’Neill AC, Hayward V, Zhong T, et al. Usability of the internal mammary recipient vessels in microvascular breast reconstruction[J]. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2016, 69(7): 907-911.

Accesses

Citation

Detail

Sections
Recommended

/