Selective laser melting printing of titanium implants and surface optimization for osseointegration
YAN Ling-ling, ZHENG Li-mei, GAO Jie, YANG Cheng-feng, LI Yan-bing, HUANG Wen-hua
Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy ›› 2018, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3) : 313-318.
Selective laser melting printing of titanium implants and surface optimization for osseointegration
Objective To analyze of the selective laser melting(SLM) printing titanium implant specimens' biocompatibility with surface characterization and in vitro cell experiment, to provide theoretical and experimental basis for what the eventual application of 3D printing implant in clinical therapy. Methods 60 SLM printing titanium implant wafer specimens underwent sandblasting polishing, 5% hydrofluoric acid pickling and then ultrasonic cleaning, and drying in fluid N2. 20 pieces were randomly selected and allocated into group S; The remaining 40 specimens were treated by anodic oxidation (AO) for 30 min, flushed by deionized water, and underwent heat treatment at 500℃ for 3h. 20 pieces of the remaining 40 were randomly selected and allocated into group SA; 0.1% BMP-2 solution was prepared as the surface modification solution. Afterwards, the remaining 20 specimens treated by ultrasonic shock were soaked in the solution for 10s and then allocated as group SAB; Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) were used to observe the surface topography and roughness of each specimen. Contact angle was adopted for measurement of hydrophilicity; Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were seeded onto the surface of specimens, and gold was sprayed for observation of the adhesion of BMMSC by SEM; CCK-8 was used to detect the proliferation of the BMMSCs at the surface of each group. Results The SEM pictures showed that the specimens in group SA treated by anodic oxidation had a layer of uniform titania nanotubes on the surface, about 100 nm in diameter. The AFM pictures showed that the surface of group S and group SA had similar roughness values of 300 nm. Contact angle measurement showed the surface of specimens group S and group SA had super hydrophilicity, and specimens in untreated group S also had hydrophilicity. The SEM and CCK-8 kit results showed that the adhesion and proliferation of BMMSCs was better in the group SAB than in group SA and group S. Conclusions SLM printing implant specimens in the untreated group and treatment group both have high biocompatibility, and processing methods such as anode oxidation and load with BMP-2 can effectively promote the adhesion and proliferation of BMMSCs.
3D printing / Titania nanotubes / Bone morphogenetic protein
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