Objective　To explore the feasibility of lumbar zygapophysial joint is an important anatomical markers for minimally invasive posterior lumbar surgery by measurement and observation of the human anatomy specimens and the X-ray image data.　Methods　To collect 10 fresh adult human lumbar spine specimens (20 sides)，80 segments and 50 parts of the lumbar spine X-ray image data. From the focus point of applied anatomy, the highest point of lumbar zygapophysial joint（HP）was used as a center to observe and measure the lumbar facet joints and adjacent anatomy-structures.　Results　The distance of from HP to Rami ventrales nervorum lumbalium was lower and larger，and the angle was smaller. The distance of from HP to intervertebral disc of lumbar vertebrae was gradually increased. The difference in height of HP and Midplane of lumbar intervertebral disc was 0.8~1.5 mm, the height of HP variations on the vertical axis did not exceed the scope of thickness of lumbar intervertebral disc.　Conclusions　Through research, lumbar zygapophysial joint has some characteristics, including stable position、easy exposure、easy identification and high accuracy. It is an ideal anatomic landmarks. There is a good anatomical localization effect in the lumbar posterior minimally invasive operations.